早熟梨不同整形方式研究

通过开展不同整形方式研究,结果表明:梨幼树不同树形对侧枝生长、树冠形成的影响不同,因此在开花结果早晚、前期产量、效益方面差异较大。以折叠式扇形和Y字形整形提高早期产量效果最为显著。在每667m2栽植110株左右的密度情况下,常常采用折叠式扇形的树形;在栽植密度大于110株/667m2的情况下,采用Y字形树形;栽植密度小于40株/667m2以下的早熟梨采用疏散分层形的树形。根据不同整形方式的方差分析,得出丰产树形结构指标:在栽培密度110株/667m2的条件下,‘翠冠’梨产量控制在3000～4000kg/667m2,枝量30000～40000枝/667m2,一般每20～25cm着生1个结果枝,叶面积系数2.5～3.2,果距保持20～25cm,留果量12000～16000个/667m2,叶果比25～30:1,枝果比2～2.5:1,中短果枝占85%～90%,单株负荷27.5～37.5kg。

Studies on Different Ways of Shaping Early-rippen Pear

Different ways of shaping early-rippen pears were researched.The results show that：different young pear tree forms have different effects on the side shoots growing and the tree crown form,which caused remarkable differences on the harvest time,production,and the economic values.Through the experiment,it is summed that the accordion fan-shaped and Y shape are most obvious for a high earlier harvest.For example,planted under the density situation in about 110 per 667 m2,accordion fan-shaped is a better choose.Y shape is better while the density is greater than 110 per 667 m2.In other cases,if the density is smaller than 40 per 667 m2,then divided into shape tree-form is needed.By difference analysis on different shaping methods,the indicex for productive tree form were gotten.Under the condition of 110 plants per 667 m2,＇cuiguan＇production is controlled in 3 000 to 4 000 kg Per 667 m2,with twigs of 30 000 to 40 000.Generally speaking,every 20 to 25cm will grow a fructi branch;leaf area index is 2.5～3.0;the distance of the fruit should keep in 20 to 25 cm.The fruit quantity kept is 12 000～16 000 per 667 m2.The rate of leaf and fruit is 25 to 30 to 1.The ratio of branch to fruit is 2-2.5：1.The middle short branch accounts for 85% to 90%.The fruit weight per plant is 27.5 to 37.5 kg.