CO2 snow depth and subsurface water-ice abundance in the northern hemisphere of Mars |
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Authors: | Mitrofanov I G Zuber M T Litvak M L Boynton W V Smith D E Drake D Hamara D Kozyrev A S Sanin A B Shinohara C Saunders R S Tretyakov V |
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Institution: | Space Research Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia. imitrofa@space.ru |
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Abstract: | Observations of seasonal variations of neutron flux from the high-energy neutron detector (HEND) on Mars Odyssey combined with direct measurements of the thickness of condensed carbon dioxide by the Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter (MOLA) on Mars Global Surveyor show a latitudinal dependence of northern winter deposition of carbon dioxide. The observations are also consistent with a shallow substrate consisting of a layer with water ice overlain by a layer of drier soil. The lower ice-rich layer contains between 50 and 75 weight % water, indicating that the shallow subsurface at northern polar latitudes on Mars is even more water rich than that in the south. |
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