基于TM遥感影像的退牧还草工程植被恢复监测研究--以内蒙古自治区镶黄旗为例

2003年,我国进行了大面积的退牧还草工程。本文选取了内蒙古镶黄旗为研究区域,以2003年8月份和2004年8月份的TM遥感影像为数据源,结合对应时期的地面调查数据,从植被盖度、植物类组成、地上生物量等方面对内蒙古镶黄旗退牧还草工程的实施效果进行了分析。得出:2004年与2003年相比,禁牧区内植被盖度提高了8.64%;2004年8月份与2003年8月份相比,禁牧区内北部沙区草原平均地上生物量增加了56.78%,南部平原丘陵草原平均地上生物量增加了71.81%。退牧还草工程的实施有效地制止了草原滥垦、过牧等行为,遏制了草原退化趋势,保护了生物多样性,促进了草原资源的可持续发展。

Study on Vegetation Returning Detection by Project of Withdrawing Graze and Returning to Grassland in Xianghuang Banner, Inner Mongolia Based on TM Remote Sensing Data

The Xianghuang Banner,Inner Mongolia actualized the project to withdraw graze and return to the natural grassland in 2003.Taking the TM remote sensing image in August,2003 and 2004 as the data resource,combining with the ground survey data in the corresponding period,it is analyzed the effects of withdrawing graze and returning to the grassland from vegetation cover,vegetal composition and biomass on the ground etc.in Xianghuang Banner,Inner Mongolia.Then,the results are as follows.Compared with 2003,the vegetation cover has been improved by 8.64% in the prohibited graze area in 2004.Compared with August,2003,the biomass on the ground increases by 56.78% in the northern prohibited graze area in August 2004,and increases by 71.81% in the southern plain.So,the projects of withdrawing graze and returning to the grassland have prevented effectively the grassland to be excessive farming and over-graze,controled grassland degradation,protected bio-diversity,and promoted the continuous balanced development of grassland resource.