基于乡村振兴背景的县域乡村发展综合评价———以国家贫困县四川省马边县为例

本研究根据国家关于乡村振兴提出的“产业兴旺、生态宜居、乡风文明、治理有效、生活富裕”的要求建立5 个准则层，结合贫困山区实际筛选出20 个反映乡村发展水平的指标，以四川省贫困县马边县为案例，综合德尔菲法(Delphi)及主层次分析法(AHP)评价分析马边县乡村发展指数及障碍度。根据乡村发展指数将马边县20 个乡镇分为3 个梯队，比较分析各区域发展的不平衡和差异性。同时根据障碍度分析，得出影响马边乡村振兴的障碍因素依次为生态适宜性(45%)＞产业发展水平(34.3%)＞生活水平(10.7%)＞乡村治理(5.1%)＞乡风文明(4.9%)。建议：（1）树立生态发展理念，建设生态宜居乡村；（2）选好优势特色产业，加快农业现代化步伐；（3）持续开展移风易俗活动，提升乡风文明水平；（4）激活人才、土地、资金等要素，在乡村形成人才、土地、资金、产业汇聚的良性循环。

Evaluation of county development index based on Rural Revitalization background

We screened 20 evaluation factors reflecting the reality of poor mountainous areas in combination with Delphi method and principal analytic hierarchy process (AHP), established an evaluation system of rural revitalization at county level, and analyzed the rural revitalization development index and obstacle degree in Mabian county. According to the rural revitalization development index, the 20 townships in Mabian were divided into three echelons for finding out the imbalance and difference of regional development. The obstacles affecting the revitalization of Mabian rural areas were ecological suitability (45%), industrial development level (34.3% ), living standard (10.7% ), rural governance (5.1% ) and rural culture (4.9% ). Firstly, we should establish the concept of ecological development and build an ecologically livable village; secondly, we should select advantageous and characteristic industries to speed up the pace of agricultural modernization; thirdly, we should continue to carry out custom-changing activities to improve the level of rural culture; fourthly, we should activate the elements of‘talent, land and capital’to form a virtuous circle of industrial convergence.