基于物联网的病死猪无害化处理山区运输监控系统设计

目前,大多数无害化处置运输车辆使用全球定位系统(global positioning system,GPS)来确定病死猪的消毒站位置和运输路线。然而,当车辆在偏远山区运行时,定位信息传递不连续和不完整。为了解决这个问题,设计了一套病死猪无害化处理监控系统,系统结合北斗导航系统、全球定位系统、无线射频识别技术(radio frequency identification,RFID)、通用分组无线服务技术和地理信息系统等技术。利用北斗/GPS双模用户机双模定位和双向通信的功能,一方面,它可以解决单一定位时出现的定位信息不稳定的问题;另一方面,当BDS导航定位系统数据似乎显示出偏差,将WGS-84坐标系的GPS定位数据转换为BDS定位系统的CGCS2000坐标系,以提高运输车辆位置信息采集精度的目的。利用GAMIT软件计算观测点的三维坐标,并对组合导航和单导航的定位精度进行分析。采用Floyd算法对运输路线进行优化,寻找最短的运输距离。利用北斗卫星的信息通信功能代替全球移动通信系统(global system for mobile communications,GSM),短消息业务,实现无害化运输车辆与控制中心之间的信息远程传输。控制中心通过对接收到的数据进行分析,得到病死猪收运车的运输路线和定点消毒监测信息。系统试验表明:采集的数据能够准确及时地传输到控制中心,北斗/GPS双模接收机定位精度比北斗卫星定位精度高55.13%,比GPS卫星定位精度高52.71%。北斗通信的网络丢包率为0.26%,消毒点的车辆定点识别误差率0.97%,结果表明,满足病死猪无害化处理监控管理的要求,系统运行可靠、稳定。该系统的构建与应用,为其他病死动物无害化处理的综合管理与监控提供参考。

Design of monitoring system of ill-dead pig harmless treatment based on internet of things in mountainous area

Currently, most harmless disposal refrigerated vehicles use the global positioning system (GPS) to determine the position of disinfection stations and the transport routes of pigs died of diseases. However, the single navigation and positioning information might be unstable when the vehicle was running in remote mountainous area, the information transfer was not continuous, incomplete and untrue. In order to solve this issue, a monitoring system was designed based on radio frequency identification technology (RFID), Beidou navigation satellite system (BDS) and global positioning system (GPS). This paper makes full use of the BDS/GPS dual-mode receiver, which supports positioning and two-way communication functions. On the one hand, it can solve the problem of positioning information instability that occurs when using a single positioning. On the other hand, when the BDS navigation positioning system data appeared to show a deviation, The GPS positioning data from the WGS-84 coordinate system was converted to the CGCS2000 coordinate system of the BDS positioning system, to achieve the purpose of improving the acquisition accuracy of the transport vehicles location information. GAMIT software was used to calculate the 3D coordinates of the observation point, and it was analyzed for the positioning accuracy of combined navigation and single navigation. Floyd algorithm was combined to optimize transportation routes to search for the shortest transportation distance. The harmless transportation vehicles walking map could be drawn from the positioning information of the BDS/GPS dual-mode receiver. The message communication function of BDS satellite was used instead of GSM short message service to realize remote transmission between harmless transportation vehicles and control center. When pigs died of diseases are transported to fixed-point disinfection station, RFID reader will read the vehicle-mounted RFID active electronic tags to recognize the transport vehicles and the GPRS network will transmit the fixed-point disinfection monitoring data to the monitoring center. Monitoring center uses the ArcGIS map display to carry out the real-time monitoring of vehicle transport routes, and uses text to speech to realize the intelligent deployment and management of transport vehicles. Meanwhile, monitoring center obtains the transport routes of pigs died of diseases and the fixed-point disinfection monitoring information by analyzing the received data. After field test, the positioning accuracy of BDS/GPS dual mode receiver was 55.13% higher than that of BDS satellite positioning, and 52.71% higher than that of GPS satellite positioning. The networks packet losses value of vehicle terminal acquisition system was 0.26%, and the error rate of vehicle identification of the disinfection point was 0.97%. The results showed that the monitoring system met the requirements of the monitoring and management system in mountainous areas, and it ran reliable and stable. The study provides an effective method for a transport vehicle for the harmless treatment of dead pigs, accomplishes the comprehensive supervision and management of transport vehicles for the harmless treatment of dead pigs. This system can also be adopted as a reference to harmless disposal systems for other pigs that die of diseases, it has practical value.