钙水平对无限生长型番茄钙吸收利用及果实品质和产量的影响

利用基质栽培水肥一体化技术,设计不同钙素营养供给水平(0,1,3,6 mmol/L),研究钙对无限生长型番茄钙吸收利用及果实品质和产量的影响。结果表明:钙在番茄植物各部位中的分布极不均匀,且同一部位不同时期钙含量差异也很大,植物体内钙的分布和变化受钙素营养水平和气温的影响;随着钙水平的提高,番茄果实钙含量不断增加,缺钙将降低果实的产量和品质,虽然钙与K、Mg、P、N元素之间存在拮抗作用,但是高钙不会造成果实产量和品质的下降;高温会诱导植株缺钙症状及果实脐腐病的出现,严重影响番茄的产量和品质,高钙处理对高温胁迫具有一定的缓解作用。

Effects of Calcium Level on Calcium Absorption, Fruit Quality and Yield of Infinite Growth Tomato

The effects of calcium level on calcium absorption and utilization, fruit quality and yield of infinite growth tomato were studied by using the integrated technology of water and fertilizer in substrate cultivation with different levels of calcium nutrition (0, 1, 3 and 6 mmol/L). The results indicated that the distribution of calcium in different parts of tomato plant was very uneven, and the calcium content of the same part varied greatly in different periods. The distribution and change of calcium in plant were affected by the level of calcium nutrition and temperature. With the increasing of calcium level, the calcium content of tomato fruit increased continuously, and calcium deficiency would reduce the yield and quality of tomato fruit. Although there was antagonistic relationship between calcium and K, Mg, P, N, high calcium would not cause the decline of fruit yield and quality. High temperature could induce calcium deficiency symptoms and umbilical rot of fruit, which seriously affected the yield and quality of tomato. High calcium treatment had a certain mitigative effect on high temperature stress.