基于GIS和LID的雨水集蓄技术研究——以山东省滨河小镇营丘镇为例

[目的]研究山前冲洪积平原滨河中小型镇区洪涝灾害频发,排水不畅,雨水资源利用不充分等问题,为雨水集蓄设施在中小型镇区的合理规划和应用提供参考。[方法]选择山东省潍坊市营丘镇区为研究对象,根据研究区当前排水现状和土地利用情况,基于GIS技术提出了"汇水区划分、用地类型提取、计算调蓄容积、建立技术体系、确定施工时序"的规划步骤。[结果]综合采用"透水铺装+下凹式绿地+植草沟、简易生物滞留池+湿塘、雨水湿地"的雨水综合蓄集利用系统并规划其布局,通过引入水文敏感指数,规定了镇区汇水区海绵城市建设时序。[结论]探索性地将雨洪利用工程技术与镇区景观规划相结合,低影响开发综合设施的实际调蓄能力大于设计雨水调蓄容积,实现了镇区雨水资源的蓄集利用。

Research on Rainwater Collection Technology Based on GIS and LID -A Case Study at Yingqiu Town, a Riverfront Town of Shandong Province

[Objective] The problems of frequent flood and waterlogging disasters, poor drainage and inadequate utilization of rainwater resources in small and medium-sized riverside towns in Piedmont alluvial-alluvial plain were studied in order to provide reference for rational planning and application of rainwater storage facilities in small and medium-sized towns.[Methods] By choosing Yingqiu Town of Weifang City, Shandong Province as the research object, and according to the current drainage and land use situation of the study area, the planning steps of "sub-catchment division, land use mapping, water storage calculation, establishment of technical system and determination of construction sequence" were put forward based on GIS.[Results] The comprehensive rainwater storage and utilization system of "pervious pavement + concave green land + grass waterway, simple biological retention pond + wet pond, rainwater wetland" were adopted and its layout was planned. By introducing the hydrological sensitivity index, the order of sponge city construction in the catchment area of the township was specified.[Conclusion] This paper combines the technology of rain and flood utilization with the landscape planning of the town. The actual storage capacity of the comprehensive facilities with low impact is larger than the designed storage capacity of rainwater, which realizes the storage and utilization of rainwater resources in the town.