1961-2017年黑龙江省夏季降水的气候特征分析

为了进一步研究黑龙江省夏季降水的气候特征，本研究利用黑龙江省62个台站1961—2017年夏季（6—8月）逐日降水资料，分析夏季降水的时空特征，并将降水划分为小雨、中雨、大雨、暴雨及以上等4个级别，讨论各级别降水对夏季总降水的贡献。结果表明：黑龙江省夏季年平均降水量（略减少）约336.2 mm，1980s降水量最多；年平均降水日数（显著减少）约为42.3天，1960s降水日数最多；年平均降水强度（显著增加）约为7.98 mm/d，1990s和1980s降水强度最大。各等级降水中仅小雨降水量（降水日数）呈显著减少趋势、降水强度呈显著增加趋势；夏季降水量中有超过1/3是由中雨提供给的，有超过1/2是由小雨和大雨共同提供的；降水事件以小雨为主，降水日数中有近3/4为小雨日数。

Summer Precipitation in Heilongjiang from 1961 to 2017: Climatic Characteristics

The paper aims to study the climatic characteristics of summer precipitation in Heilongjiang. We analyzed the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of summer precipitation based on the daily precipitation data of 62 stations in Heilongjiang from June to August during 1961-2017, and divided the precipitation into 4 grades: light rain, moderate rain, heavy rain, rainstorm and above, discussed the contribution of precipitation at different grades to total summer precipitation. The results showed that: the average annual precipitation (slightly reduced) in summer in Heilongjiang was about 336.2 mm, and the most precipitation was in 1980s; the annual average precipitation days (significantly reduced) were about 42.3 days, andthemostwasin1960s;theannualaverageprecipitationintensity(significantlyincreased)wasabout 7.98mm/d, and the maximum precipitation intensity was found in 1990s and 1980s; in all grades of precipitation, only light rain precipitation (precipitation days) showed a significant decreasing trend, and the precipitation intensity showed a significant increasing trend; more than one third of summer precipitation was provided by moderate rain, and more than half of summer precipitation was provided by both light rain and heavy rain; the precipitation events were mainly light rain, nearly three quarters of the precipitation days were light rain days.