气候条件对惠东县冬种马铃薯生产的影响

基于惠东县1967-2017年逐日平均气温、降水量和日照时数等气象资料及2007-2016年惠东县冬种马铃薯产量数据,分析了惠东县气象条件对冬季马铃薯产量的影响。研究结果表明,惠东县冬季年平均气温和降水量距平有明显的年代际变化特征,目前都处于负距平增多的年代。不同生育期内气象要素对马铃薯的影响不同,全生育期马铃薯产量与降水量呈显著负相关,发芽期产量与日照时数呈显著正相关,幼苗期与降水量呈显著负相关,快速膨大期产量与平均气温呈显著负相关。影响惠东县冬种马铃薯生产的灾害性天气主要有持续性干旱和霜冻,其中以霜冻的影响最严重。因此要适当采取措施,减少灾害性天气对马铃薯生产的不良影响。

Climatic Conditions: Effects on the Production of Winter-planting Potato in Huidong

Based on the meteorological data of daily average temperature, precipitation and sunshine duration from 1967 to 2017 and winter potato yield data from 2007 to 2016 in Huidong County, the effects of meteorological conditions on winter potato yield in Huidong County were analyzed. The results show that the annual average temperature and precipitation anomaly in Huidong County in winter has obvious interdecadal variation characteristics, and are in the age of negative anomaly increasing at present. The effects of meteorological factors on potatoes were different in different growth stages. There was a significant negative correlation between total potato yield and precipitation, a significant positive correlation between total yield and sunshine duration at germination stage, a significant negative correlation between total yield and precipitation at seedling stage, and a significant negative correlation between yield and average temperature at rapid expansion stage. The main disastrous weather affecting winter potato production in Huidong County are persistent drought and frost, among which frost is the most serious. Therefore, appropriate measures should be taken to reduce the adverse effects of disastrous weather on potato production.