城市土地集约利用评价及驱动因子分析

土地是城市社会经济发展的基本载体,城市土地的集约利用是新时期下城市可持续发展的必然要求.本研究以天山北坡轴心城市——乌鲁木齐市、克拉玛依市、石河子市和昌吉市为研究区,从经济—社会—生态3个方面选取19项指标构建土地集约利用评价指标体系.通过综合层次分析法(AHP)和多因子综合法对研究区2010-2015年间土地集约利用水平进行了综合评价,并采用主成分降维分析方法分别对各城市驱动因子进行归纳分析.结果表明:4个城市在2010-2015年的土地集约利用水平显著上升;为了加强横向对比,分别求取了4个城市在研究时段内土地集约利用的平均水平,排名从高到低依次为石河子市(0.546)、乌鲁木齐市(0.524)、克拉玛依市(0.503)、昌吉市(0.479);通过主成分降维分析分别对4个城市从土地投入产出效益、土地利用结构与强度、社会人文状态和生态持续性4个方面归纳出了影响城市集约利用水平的驱动因子.

Evaluation of Urban Land Intensive Use and Analysis of Its Driving Factors

Land is the basic material carrier of urban social and economic development, and the intensive use of urban land is the inevitable requirement of sustainable development of cities in the new period. In this paper, four major cities of the northern slope of the Tianshan mountains-Urumqi, Karamay, Shihezi and Changji-are selected as the study area, and 19 economic-social-ecological indicators are used to establish an evaluation index system of land intensive use. AHP (analytic hierarchy process) and the multi-factor comprehensive evaluation method are used to evaluate the intensive land use level of the four cities from 2010 to 2015, and the driving factors are analyzed with principal component analysis (PCA). The results show that the level of intensive land use in the four cities increased significantly from 2010 to 2015. The average level of land intensive use in them during the study period was calculated and reduced as follows:Shihezi (0.546), Urumqi (0.524), Karamayy (0.503), Changji (0.479). The driving factors that affect the intensive utilization of urban areas are summarized with principal component analysis from four aspects:land use input-output benefit, land use structure and intensity, social humanistic status and ecological sustainability.