香蕉枯萎病的发生及防控研究现状

香蕉是世界第2大水果作物,也是世界贸易量最大的水果。由尖孢镰刀菌古巴专化型(Fusarium oxysporum f. sp.cubense,Foc)引起的香蕉枯萎病是香蕉生产上最重要的病害之一,极大地限制了世界香蕉产业的健康和可持续发展。近年来国内外学者在其病害发生、病原生物学、侵染过程、病害流行、基因组测序、香蕉与Foc互作以及病害防控等方面开展了大量研究,但鲜见较为系统和全面的评述。本文就香蕉枯萎病的发生历史和危害现状、病原小种和遗传多样性以及防控方法等进行较为全面的梳理和总结,以期为该病害的研究和防控提供一定的参考。

Research status of occurrence and control of Fusarium wilt of banana

Banana is the second largest fruit crop in the world and is the fruit with the largest world trade. Fusarium wilt, caused by the necrotrophic fungal pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc), is one of the most destructive banana diseases, which greatly threatens the healthy and sustainable development of banana industry worldwide. In recent years, many efforts have been made on studying disease occurrence, pathogen biology, infection process, epidemiology, whole genome sequencing, banana-Foc interaction and disease management. However, there are few systematic reviews on Foc and Fusarium wilt. Here, we summarize with an emphasis on the disease history and the current status, the races and genetic diversity of Foc, and management strategies of Fusarium wilt, so as to provide references for research and control of this disease.