观赏凤梨叶斑病病原鉴定及其防治药剂筛选

[目的]为了明确引起观赏凤梨叶斑病的病原和选择有效的药剂进行防治。[方法]采集具有典型症状的病害标本,根据柯赫氏法则分离病原物,并观察病原物形态特征;同时,分别测试了5种供试杀菌剂在2种不同浓度下对病原菌的抑菌作用。[结果]结果表明,半知菌亚门的炭疽菌(Colletotrichum sp.)和弯孢霉(Curvularia sp.)均能够引起观赏凤梨叶斑病。70%甲基托布津可湿性粉剂和50%施保功可湿性粉剂可有效地抑制炭疽菌菌丝的生长;而80%大生可湿性粉剂和50%施保功可湿性粉剂则可有效抑制弯孢霉菌丝的生长。[结论]要同时防治炭疽菌和弯孢霉导致的凤梨叶斑病,应该选用50%施保功可湿性粉剂。

Identification of Pathogen the Leaf Spot Disease on the Ornamental Pineapple and Screening of Fungicides

[Objective] The research aimed to determine the pathogen caused by the leaf spot disease of ornamental pineapple,and screen effective fungicides.[Method] Disease samples showed typical symptom were collected and pathogen was isolated based on Koch's rule.The fungi were identified by morphological characters.And 5 fungicides were selected and used for controlling the disease.[Result] The results showed that the leaf spot disease of ornamental pineapple was caused by Colletotrichum sp.and Curvularia sp..The 70% Thiophanate-methyl and 50% Prochloraz could effectively inhibit the mycelial growth of Colletotrichum sp.,and 80% Dithane and 50% Prochloraz had strong inhibition effects to the mycelial growth of Curvularia sp.[Conclusion] If simultaneously controlling Colletotrichum sp.and Curvularia sp.,50% Prochloraz should be chose.