金银花田东方绢金龟成虫和幼虫药剂敏感性差异及生物农药筛选

为了有效控制东方绢金龟对金银花的为害, 并筛选出绿色、安全的生物农药或高效低毒应急性化学药剂, 本研究通过室内筛选测定了15种生物及化学农药对东方绢金龟成虫和幼虫的生物活性, 并评价了3种生物药剂对该虫的田间防效。结果表明, 东方绢金龟幼虫对多数药剂的敏感性明显高于成虫。金龟子绿僵菌CQMa421和苏云金杆菌G033A仅对东方绢金龟幼虫表现出较高的生物活性; 而辛硫磷、高效氯氟氰菊酯对东方绢金龟成虫和幼虫均表现出较高的生物活性。田间试验结果表明, 2亿孢子/g金龟子绿僵菌CQMa421颗粒剂15 kg/hm2和32 000 IU/mg苏云金杆菌G033A可湿性粉剂7.5 kg/hm2处理对金银花东方绢金龟幼虫表现出了较好的防治效果, 7 d防效分别达到了78.81%和68.28%。综上所述, 防治金银花东方绢金龟成虫应以辛硫磷、高效氯氟氰菊酯为主, 防治幼虫时, 可选择金龟子绿僵菌CQMa421或苏云金杆菌G033A等生物杀虫剂。

Differences in insecticide sensitivity between adults and larvae of Maladera orientalis Motschulsky in honeysuckle field and screening of biological agents

In order to effectively control the damage of Maladera orientalis Motschulsky to honeysuckle, and to screen for green and safe biological agents or highly effective and low toxic acute chemical agents, we determined the biological activity of 15 biological and chemical pesticides against adults and larvae of M.orientalis, and evaluated the field efficacy of three biological agents against the insect. The results showed that the larvae of M.orientalis were significantly more sensitive to most pesticides than the adults. Metarhizium anisopliae CQMa421 and Bacillus thuringiensis G033A showed high biological activity against the larvae, while phoxim and beta-cyhalothrin showed high biological activities against both adults and larvae. Field trial showed that 200 million spore/g M. anisopliae CQMa421 GR at 15 kg/hm2 and 32 000 IU/mg B. thuringiensis G033A WP at 7.5 kg/hm2 treatments had good control effect on the larvae of M. orientalis, and the control efficacy reached 78.81% and 68.28% seven days after treatment, respectively. In conclusion, phoxim and beta-cyhalothrin should be the main insecticides for the control of M. orientalis adults, and for the control of larvae, biological insecticides such as M. anisopliae CQMa421 or B.thuringiensis G033A can be selected.