十一种中草药对两种林木病原菌抑制效果的研究

通过用11种中草药对油松立枯病病原菌（腐皮镰刀菌）和猕猴桃溃疡病（猕猴桃假单孢杆菌）进行了抑菌效果的测定,实验表明：黄柏、大蒜、艾蒿、苦楝、香附子、穿心莲对腐皮镰刀菌有抑制作用;大黄、苦楝、黄芩、黄连组合和艾蒿对猕猴桃溃疡病病原菌有不同程度的抑制作用。对Fusarium solani,24h内的抑菌效果排序为：黄柏〉大蒜、穿心莲〉苦楝〉香附子〉艾蒿,它们的最低有效浓度依次为1%、10%、20%、20%、1%、20%。在培养48 h后,抑制效果有所变化,其中黄柏、穿心莲、香附子三种药剂抑制效果增大,即说明此三种药剂稳定性较好,在较长时间内仍能保持药效。对Pseudomonas syringaePV.altinidiae,黄柏、苦楝、黄连、黄芩浓度为10%时对假单孢杆菌有抑制作用;大黄、黄芩浓度为1%和黄连＋黄芩、艾蒿浓度为10%时有一定作用,但48 h后抑菌效果减弱。而黄连、黄芩浓度10%时单独作用有效,但以1：1组合后作用减弱。

Effect of Use of 11 Chinese Traditional Medicines to Inhibit Two Pathogens of Trees

Eleven species of Chinese traditional medicine were tested for inhibition of the pathogen of damping off of pine seedlings caused by Fusarium saloni and pathogen of Actmidia chinensis canker disease.The results show Phltodindron amarense,Allium sativum.Artemisia argyi,Melia acedarach, Cypems rotundus and Andrographis paniculata can inhabit the growth of Fusarium salonii, while Pheum officinate,Melia acedarach,Slutellaria baicalensis,Coptis chinensis can inhabite the growth of Pseudomonas syringae pv.altinidiae at different extents.The inhibitory effect of the medicines within 24 h ranks top by Phltodindron amarense,followed in order by Allium sativum,Andrographis paniculata,Melia acedarach,Cypems rotundus and Artemisia argyi.The least effective concentration of those medicines is 1%、10%、20%、20%、1%、20%respectively.After 48 h culture, the inhibitory effects of those medicines changed.Phltodindron amarense,Melia acedarach,Cypems rotundus show continuing and increased inhibition to Fusarium solani.Phltodindron amarense,Melia acedarach,Slutellaria baicalensis,Coptis chinensis at concentration of 10%has inhibitory effect to Pseudomonas syringae pv.altinidiae;Pheum of ficinate and Coptis chinensis at concentration of 1%, together with Loptis chinensis combined with Slutellaria baicalensis and mugwort at concentration of 10%generated restraint effect that declined after 48 h.Both Coptis chinensis and Slutellaria baicalensis at concentration of 10%showed favorable inhibitory effect individually,while mixed together at 1 ：1,the effect decline sharply.