黄河中游砒砂岩地区皇甫川流域气候变化特征分析

采用 1 961～ 2 0 0 0年连续 40年的逐月气象数据 ,分析黄河中游典型砒砂岩地区-皇甫川流域气候及其变化特征。分析结果表明 :皇甫川流域大陆性气候特点明显 ,降雨主要集中在每年的 6月～ 9月 ,这四个月的降雨量占全年的 76.7% ,形成河川径流的汛期。皇甫川流域年降雨量和汛期降雨量具有明显的减少趋势而且降雨量年际之间的波动很大 ;年均气温具有明显上升趋势 ,近 40年来年均气温升高了 0 .4℃ ;年平均风速总的变化趋势是逐渐降低的。另外 ,皇甫川流域湿度指数总体变化具有降低趋势 ,而温暖指数则是大幅度增高。可见 ,皇甫川流域气候变化具有明显地干和热的趋势。

Analysis on Climate Change of Huangfuchuan Watershed in Middle Yellow River

Based on weather data from meteorological station of Huangfuchuan watershed in Middle Yellow River, the paper analyzed climate changes during 1961-2000. The results indicated that Huangfuchuan watershed had a typical continental climate and its rainfall has concentrated from June to September annually, which occupied in 76.7% of annual precipitation, and the four month had become the flood season in years at study area. Both annual rainfall and rainfall in flood season varied greatly from year to year, having an apparent declining tendency for decades. In recent 40 years, annual mean temperature had increased 0.4℃, and the annual mean wind speed had weakened. Humidity Index of Huangfuchuan watershed had trended to reducing while the warmth index had increased obviously. The tendency of climate changes in Huangfuchuan watershed were arid and warm in recent 40 years.