中国动物园保护教育现状分析

2005年10月～2007年7月采用游客问卷调查法、实地考察法及访问法,调查了我国60家动物园的保护教育情况,对游客受教育途径、效果及意愿等进行调查。结果显示,受教育途径选择通过阅读动物说明牌所占比例最高(34.21%),依次为观察动物(31.54%)、同伴或其他游客(14.43%)、动物园工作人员(5.66%)、科普教育馆(5.26%)及其他途径(9.41%);游客在游园后认识更多动物比例最高(34.03%),依次为了解动物行为方式(21.32%)、认识到保护动物的重要性(16.10%)、了解动物生活习性(15.27%)、了解动物生存环境(12.87%);游客希望配备讲解员占42.93%,希望提高说明牌质量占22.40%,希望有宣传手册占19.77%。方差分析显示,城市动物园、野生动物园及专业类型野生动物园的游客从动物园工作人员(P=0.028<0.05)、科普教育馆(P= 0.011<0.05)获得教育的差异性显著;三者在认识更多动物效果上存在极显著差异(P=0.003<0.01)、了解动物的生存环境存在显著差异(P=0.03<0.05)。针对这些调查结果提出了长期开展动物园保护教育的建议。

Status Analysis of Animal Protection Education in Zoos in China

From October 2005 to July 2007,animal protection education in 60 zoos in China were surveyed:ways,effects and de- sire of tourists to receive animal protection education by methods of questionnaire of visitors,on-the-spot investigation and visits.R- esults showed that ways of receiving education:reading the interpretation 34.21%,observation of animals 31.54%,partner or other tourists 14.43%,workers of the zoo 5.66%,museum 5.26% and others 9.41%;knowledge of animals leamed:more animals to be known 34.03%,behaviors of animals 21.32%,importance of animal protection 16.10%,habits of animals 15.27%;environ- ments required for animal life 12.87%;require for interpreters 42.93%,improvement of interpretation board 22.40%,require for propaganda manuals 19.77%.Variance analysis showed that differences of the effect of education from workers and museums among urban zoos,wildlife zoos and special type wildlife zoos were significant,being P=0.028<0.05 and P=0.011<0.05 respectively: very significant in number of animals to be known,P=0.003<0.01,significant in understanding living environment of animals P<0. 03<0. 05.the further animal protection education in zoos were then discussed.