新型叶用芥菜细胞质雄性不育系0912A的花药发育特征

采用石蜡切片方法,对叶用芥菜细胞质雄性不育系0912A及其保持系0912B的花药发育过程进行细胞学观察,以确定其花药败育的时期、方式和特点。结果表明:0912A不育系的败育形式多样,主要有花药发育受阻于孢原细胞分化期,无花粉囊的形成;部分花药在花粉母细胞期至单核小孢子期出现发育异常:有的花粉母细胞液泡化后浓缩解体,还有的花粉母细胞因绒毡层细胞径向肥大或液泡化而受挤压解体;有的花粉母细胞虽能进行减数分裂,但发育到四分体时期或单核时期细胞解体,花粉败育。同时对0912A的花器官形态进行观察,发现其雄蕊退化为细丝状,败育彻底。

Anther development of 0912A as a novel cytoplasmic male sterile line of leaf mustard

To investigate the spatial-temporal patterns and other characteristics of anther abortion in 0912A as a leaf mustard cytoplasmic male sterile line and its maintainer line 0912B,cytological observations of anther development were made by means of paraffin sections.The results showed that the abortion of male sterile line was diverse.The abortion mainly occurred at the differentiation stage of archesporial cell,which lacked the formation of pollen sacs.Part of anther abortion occurred at the period from pollen mother cell to the mono-nuclear microspore:some pollen mother cells gathered and disintegrated gradually after vacuolization; some pollen mother cells disintegrated due to the hypertrophy of tapetal layer cells in the radial direction; some pollen mother cells could develop to tetrad,then disintegrated; part of the pollen mother cells could develop to the mono-nucleus microspores,however the mono-nucleus microspores broke when they were highly vacuolated.The stamens of 0912A were also found to degenerate as abortive filaments.