采后浸泡或真空渗透钙、钡、镁对金矮生苹果青霉病的影响

金矮生苹果采收后立即用不同浓度CaCl2、BaCl2或MgCl2浸泡或真空渗透（33．32KPa）。经0℃下贮藏3个月后取出，用扩展青霉（PenicilliumexpansumLink）孢子悬浮液损伤接种果实，在18℃下培养9d。结果表明：不同浓度3种盐浸泡或真空渗透处理均未能降低损伤接种果实的发病率，可在一定程度上对腐烂产生抑制，真空渗透效果优于浸泡。8％CaCl2真空渗透为最有效处理，可降低34．76％的病斑面积，而8％BaCl2和8％MgCl2仅分别降低病斑面积25．11％和18．32％。在所有真空渗透处理中，只有4％和8％MgCl2处理可导致果实产生重度药害，8％CaCl2和2％、4％BaCl2处理权产生轻微药害。

Effect of Postharvest Dipping or Vaccum Infiltration of CaCl_2, BaCl_2,MgCl_2 on Blue Mould of 'Golden Spur' Apples by Penicillium expansum

Golden spur' apples were treated with 0 %, 2 %, 4 %, 8 % solutions of CaCl2,BaCl2 and MgCl2 by dipping or vaccum infiltration (33.32 KPa) at harvest. After 3 months in storage at 0℃, the fruits were removed, wound-inoculated with a conidial suspension of peniciniunl expansum, and kept for 9 days at 18℃. The results showed that the incidence of inoculated fruits was not reduced by dipping or vaccum infiltration with different concentrations of the three chlorides, however, decay was retarded to a certain degree. Vaccum infiltration showed better effect than dipping. The most effective treatment was vaccum infiltration of an 8 %CaCl2 Solution, which decreased the decayed area by 34.76 %, while the 8 % solutions of BaCl2 and MgCl2 reduced decay by only 25.11 % and 18.32 %, respectively. In an vaccum infiltration treatments, the severe surface injury was noted from the 4 % and 8 % solution of MgCl2. The solutions of 8 % CaCl2, 2 % and 4 % BaCl2 caused only slight injury.