略论21世纪我国的水产品保藏加工的发展

本文从分析世界和我国水产品保藏加工为生产的特点和历史现状出发,指出近半个世纪以来世界水产品保藏加工迅速发展形成了现代冷冻冷藏、罐头制品和饲料鱼粉加工主体的工业体系,大大地减少了鲜销数量,增加了保藏加工生产比重。与此同时也出现了以冷冻冷藏为基础的多品种、高质量和贮运、销售、食用方便的产品加工新趋势。新中国成立后,一度发展了传统保藏加工,80年代以后加速发展了冷冻冷藏,扩大了鲜销数量;同时加工生产的品种门类也有所增加,但数量规模不大。今后如果充分利用沿海地区水产品产销和市场的好转、人民生活消费水平的提高以及工商业条件迅速改善等有利条件,重点发展以冷冻冻藏为基础的多品种、高质量以及贮运、销售、食用方便的产品加工,并以至代替部分鲜活销水产品进入市场和家庭、食堂、就有可能使我国水产品保藏加工生产,在进入21世纪后走上一条崭新的食品工业发展道路。21世纪水产品的市场消费,应该是多吃营养、美味、方便的多种加工制品的时代,而不能再满足于整条鲜鱼、活鱼、冻鱼的单一供应。

ON DEVELOPMENT OF FISHERY PRODUCTS PRESERVATION AND PROCESSING IN THE 21ST CENTURY IN CHINA

In this paper the features and historical condition of aquatic productspreservation and processing in China and in other parts of the world were analyzed. Itindicated that with the boom of production and sale in aquatic products as well as theprosperity of market in the coastal areas in China, the elevation of people's livingstandard, and the rapid improvement in industrial and commercial environment, it seemsnecessary to put the emphasis on a development of various kinds of frozen processedfishery products with high quality and convenience of handling sale and consumption,rather than fresh or live fish entering into sale markets, households, commercial andinstitutional restaurants, etc. In this way,it might be possible to make the industry ofaquatic products preservation and processing in China toward a completely new path ofthe development in food industry after the 21st century. From a market consumptionpoint of view in the coming epoch people will be interested in a variety of processed itemswith high nutrition, palatableness and convenience, but no more in a single supply ofround fish, whether that is in live, fresh or frozen manner.