规模化猪场舍区空气污染及预警

通过对山西部分规模化猪场舍区空气主要污染物氨气(NH3)、二氧化碳(CO2)和总悬浮颗粒物(TSP)进行监测试验,并对其不同浓度变化与猪病发生进行研究分析。结果表明,当猪舍空气环境中,氨气平均值为10mg/m3,TSP平均值为2 mg/m3,二氧化碳平均值为3 000 mg/m3时,猪群基本无疾病发生情况;当猪舍主要污染物浓度值区间氨气在10~20mg/m3之间、TSP在2~3mg/m3之间、二氧化碳在3 000~5000mg/m3之间时,猪群则会出现发病情况,发病率多在10%以下;当监测对象浓度值区间氨气在20~60mg/m3之间、TSP在3~6 mg/m3之间、二氧化碳在5 000~10 000mg/m3之间时,则猪群发病率多为10%~35%,甚至更高。在此基础上,初步制定出了山西规模化猪场舍区空气主要污染物预警级别。

Air Pollution and Warning Technology for Large Scale Pig Farms

In this experiment, according to the monitoring test of air pollutants, such as ammonia gas, carbon dioxide,total suspended particulates （NH3, CO2, TSP） in some large scale pig farms in Shanxi province, the change of different concentration and the swine disease rate were studied and analyzed. The results showed that there was almost no disease in swinery when the average value of ammonia gas was 10 mg/m^3, the TSP 2 mg/m^3 and the carbon dioxide 3 000 mg/m^3; The disease occures in swinery and the disease rate was almost under 10% when the concentration value of ammonia gas was 10-20 mg/m^3, the TSP 2-3 mg/m^3 and carbon dioxide 3 000- 5 000 mg/m^3 in air environment of pig house; When the concentration value of ammonia gas was 20-60 mg/m^3, the TSP 3-6 mg/m^3 and the carbon dioxide 5 000-10 000 mg/m^3 in air environment, the swine disease rate was almost in 10%-35% and even higher. On this basis, the warning level of primary pollutant in large scale pig farms was drew up preliminarily.