木薯胚胎发育和幼胚离体培养的初步研究

以华南5号木薯为材料,观察木薯受精后胚胎的发育过程并对不同发育时期幼胚进行离体培养。结果表明:木薯受精卵早期处于休眠状态;授粉后12 d胚胎发育到多细胞原胚阶段;授粉后14 d发育到早期球形胚阶段;授粉后17 d发育到心形胚阶段;授粉后19 d发育到早期双子叶胚阶段。早期幼胚的萌发率较低,授粉后15 d的幼胚,在培养基MS+0.5 mg/L CuSO4+0.5 mg/L 6-BA+0.1 mg/L NAA+6%蔗糖上培养时,胚胎发育率为33.3%。中后期幼胚的萌发率较高,授粉后35 d的幼胚,在培养基MS+0.5 mg/L CuSO4+0.5 mg/L 6-BA+0.01 mg/LNAA+3%蔗糖上培养时,萌发率可达100%。胚性愈伤组织的培养,采用幼胚剥离培养。授粉后30 d的幼胚,在培养基MS+0.5 mg/L CuSO4+6 mg/L 2,4-D+3%蔗糖上培养时,出胚率达77.3%。

Cassava Embryonic Development and Young embryo Culture

In SC5 for the material, this study has observed the developmental process of fertilized embryos from the cassava and cultivated the young embryos which were in different developmental phases. The research shows that: the early embryo of cassava is dormant. When it's the 12th day after pollination, the embryo is in the original embryo stage. The embryo is in the early spherical embryo stage at the 14th day after pollination, in the heart-shaped embryo stage at the 17th day after pollination and in the early dicotyledonous embryo stage at the 20th day after pollination . The rate of early young embryos is low. The young embryos, 15 days after the blossom, are cultivated in the culture medium, consisting of MS, 0.5 mg/L CuSO4, 0.5 mg/L 6-BA, 0.1 mg/L NAA, and 6% sucrose. The embryonic developmental rate is 33.3%. The rate of late-mid-period young embryos is higher, The young embryos, 35 days after the blossom, are cultivated in the culture medium, consisting of MS, 0.5 mg/L CuSO4, 0.5 mg/L 6-BA, 0.01 mg/L NAA, and 3% sucrose. The germination rate can reach the top of 100%. The late-mid-period young embryos are cultivated for the purpose of embryo callus and in the method of young embryo stripping. The young embryos, 30 days after the blossom, are cultivated in the culture medium, consisting of MS, 0.5 mg/L CuSO4, 6 mg/L 2, 4-D, and 3% sucrose. The embryonic developmental rate is 77.3%.