山西省中部菜田土壤养分状况与合理施肥

１９８７～１９９０年，对太原市郊区、阳泉市郊区、榆次市、清徐县、祁县等地３万多亩菜地进行调查，并在其耕层土壤取样４００个，附近粮田土壤取样６０个，分别测定了有机质、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾、有效硼等项养分含量。菜田土比粮田土土壤肥力明显提高，有机质含量高３４％～１０６％，碱解氮高７４％～９０％，速效磷高２．４～１２．７倍，速效钾高６％～３４％。另外，菜田土壤肥力随种菜年限的延长呈提高趋势。与粮田土壤比较，菜田土有效硼含量减少了１６％～５３％。

Nutritional Status of Vegetable Plot and Its Proper Fertilization in Central Shanxi

During the years of 1987￣1990, an investigation of more than 30 000 mu vegetable plot was made in suburbs of Taiyuan, Yangquan, Yuchi, Qingxu and Qixian, in which 400 soil samples from the arable layer of vegetable plot and 60 other soil samples from the joint crop fields were collected and organic matter (OM), alkalihydrolysis nitrogen (AN), rapid available phosphorus (RAP) and potassium (RAK), available boron (AB) and other nutritional status were determined. The results showed that the fertility of vegetable plot were significantly higher than that of crop fields. Levels of OM, AN, RAP and RAK are 34￣106%, 74￣90%, 2.4￣12.7 times, 6 ￣34% higher respectively. In addition, land fertility increased with the time of vegetable cultivation. Compared with crop fields, level of available boron decreased 16￣53%.