棉花大群体小个体促早抗逆栽培

针对山西棉区气候特点，根据棉铃时空分布规律，运用叶龄模式原理和缩节胺调控机制，经过３年研究，提出了以大群体小个体增结１～２节位优质大铃、以早发早熟避开高温伏旱和阴雨低温对产量和纤维品质影响的抗逆栽培理论，形成了以密植化控为核心的促早抗逆栽培技术体系，实现了亩产１２５ｋｇ皮棉的高产优质高效指标，大面积应用取得明显增产效应和社会、经济、生态效益。

Adverse Resistance Cultivation of Big Population and Small Individuality Enhancing Early Maturity for Upland Cotton

During 1991-1993,in cotton base counties such as Xiang Fen and Lin yi etc, according to the production index of lint cotton yield 125 kg/mu and the relationship between the local climate factors and the distribution of the time and space for cotton boll setting, we studied the relationship between the key techniques (population density, chemical adjusting and controlling,proper irrigation) and fertilization and optimum time and position for getting big and good quality bolls by utilizing the principle of leaf age model and the mechanism of regulating nutrient distribution with DPC(Mepiquate chloride). We put forwards a set of adverse resistance cultivation theory, i. e. big population and small individuality to adjust flowering and boll setting period; adjusting and controlling boll setting structure; early development and early maturity to avoid adverse climate influence with increasing big and good quality bolls in the 1st￣2nd node as its main objective,increasing population density by chemical control and predating maturity as its key technics The population canopy structure of dwarf plants,short branches,small leaves and big bolls formed by this technique system benefied to improving photosynthesis, increasing short distance transport efficiency of nutrients,increasing economic yield and the utilized coefficient of light energy and increasing the control of pest insects etc. Having tested and demonstrated in 4. 6 thousand mu for 3 years, the average lint cotton yield was over 125kg/mu. This technique was a way to realize high,stable yield and high efficiency which adapted to Shanxi climate characteristics,with characteristics of early maturity,adverse resistance,saving water and energy.