长江中下游地区河湖沿岸防洪减灾生态措施初探

近年来在中国范围内频繁发生洪涝灾害，长江中下游地区为重灾区之一，洪水环流对江河湖岸不同地形产生冲刷作用，是长江决堤右岸多于左岸及大堤决口常始于堤面的主要原因，为了有铲抑制洪流的破坏作用，对长江沿岸的生态环境等进行了调查，结果表明，长江中下游地区沿江胡岸分布的适于营造护岸植的植物近１００种，其中具抗洪作用的优树种１２种，据此提出了因地制宜选用适合树种，营造防洪护堤防护林的减灾措施。

Eco-Measures for Controlling Floods and Reducing Disasters along the Rivers and Lakes in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtse River

Flood disasters swept across China in recent years,especially in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtse River. The flood circling currents and washing effects on different topography of dikes are the main reason that not only more bursts happened on the right dike of the Yangtse River than on the left bank,but also the burst mouths usually happened on the dike surface first. According to some investigations,there are close to 100 varieties of plants suitable for the protection of dike in the Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River,12 of which are the most suitable plants for flood prevention. It's necessary for the authorities of these regions to use suitable plants and take effective measures to construct forests of flood prevention and dike protection along the rivers and lakes in the Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River.