施氮量对砂质潮土不同夏玉米品种产量和氮效率的影响

在砂质潮土上采用田间定位小区试验,设置0(N0)、120 kg/hm2(N120)、195 kg/hm2(N195)和270 kg/hm2(N270)4个氮水平,研究浚单29、豫单916、洛玉3号玉米品种产量、氮利用效率和收获指数等指标对施氮的反应差异。结果表明,浚单29和豫单916的产量均随着施氮量的增加而增加;洛玉3号的产量先增加后降低,在N195水平时达到最高。氮肥对浚单29产量的增加效应主要通过增加穗粒数来实现;对豫单916和洛玉3号产量的影响则是通过穗粒数和百粒重共同作用的结果。在施氮量为0~195 kg/hm2范围内,洛玉3号的氮积累量和氮利用效率均高于其他两个品种。供试的3个品种中,洛玉3号达到最高产量所需施氮量最低且氮利用效率高,适合在砂质潮土上种植。

Effect of Nitrogen Fertilization Rate on Yield and Nitrogen Efficiency of Different Summer Maize Varieties in Sandy Soil

A field locationexperiment was conducted to study the yield, nitrogen utilization efficiency and harvest index of different summer maize varieties(Xundan29, Yudan916 and Luoyu3) under 4 N doses(0, 120 kg/ha, 195 kg/ha and 270 kg/ha) onsandy soil. The results showed that the yield of Xundan29 and Yudan916 were increased with nitrogen fertilizer increases. The yield of Luoyu3 increased first then tended to decrease with nitrogen fertilizer increases. And it reached the maximum yield when the amount of nitrogen was 195 kg/ha. The effect of nitrogen fertilizer on the yield of Xundan29 achieved by increased of grains per ear. The effect of nitrogen fertilizer on the yield of Yudan916 and Luoyu3 by increasing grains per ear and 100-kernel weight. The nitrogen accumulation and nitrogen utilization efficiency of Luoyu3 were higher than other varieties when the amount of nitrogen was 0-195 kg/ha. In summary, Luoyu3 required minimum amount of nitrogen fertilizer but have the highest yieldand it has higher nitrogen utilization efficiency among the three varieties. So it is suitable to be planted in sandy soil.