基于DNA G-四链体的农兽药残留与重金属离子快速检测研究进展

DNA的结构具有多样性,除经典的双螺旋结构外,近年来的研究发现和组装获得了更为多样的DNA结构类型,如三螺旋结构、发夹结构、i-motif结构、G-四链体等非传统结构。这些特殊结构具有一定的功能,例如,G-四链体可与氯高铁血红素结合形成具有辣根过氧化物酶活性的复合物,也可增强某些染料分子的荧光强度。此外,G-四链体的形成与稳定性可控、可设计,是构建化学生物传感的良好材料。以一些典型的研究工作为例,本文对近年来G-四链体在农产品中农兽药残留及重金属离子快速检测中的应用进行了总结,并对其应用前景进行展望。

Research progress of rapid detection of pesticides and veterinary drugs residues and heavy metal ions based on DNA G-quadruplex

The conformation of DNA are diverse. In addition to the well-known double helix,a number of unconventional structures have been discovered and assembled, such as DNA triple helix,DNA hairpin structure,DNA i-motif, DNA G-quadruplex, and so on. These special DNA structures have some certain functions, for example, DNA G-quadruplexes can bind with hemin and significantly improve the intrinsic peroxidase activity of hemin. Besides this function, they also enhance the fluorescence intensity of some organic dyes. Further more, the formation and stability of G-quadruplexes are programmable and controllable, and they are excellent materials for the construction of chemosensors and biosensors. Taking some typical research works as examples, this paper summarized the application of G-quadruplexes in the rapid detection of pesticide residues, veterinary residues and heavy metals, and the prospective research and application are also discussed.