山药不同种植模式对土壤线虫群落结构和土壤理化性质的影响

为明确山药不同种植模式(两茬间隔0、3、6、10 a,分别记为YPI-0、YPI-3、YPI-6和YPI-10)对土壤环境的影响,以土壤线虫群落和土壤理化性质为分析指标,采用线虫形态学鉴定方法和土壤常规分析方法进行研究,以期为通过改变种植模式防治植物寄生线虫提供理论依据.结果表明,不同种植模式下土壤pH值,及有机质、速...

Effects of different planting patterns on soil nematode community structure and soil properties of Chinese yam field

To investigate the effects of different planting patterns (two stubble intervals of 0, 3, 6, 10 years, recorded as YPI-0, YPI-3, YPI-6 and YPI-10, respectively) on soil environment, nematode classification methods and conventional soil analysis methods were adopted to reveal the effects of different planting patterns on soil nematode community and soil properties of Chinese yam yield at the seedling stage and maturity stage, to provide references for the control of plant parasitic nematodes by changing planting patterns of Chinese yam. The resultd showed that different planting patterns had no significant effect on soil pH value, and contents of organic matter and available potassium. But the content of available phosphorus under treatment of YPI-6 and YPI-10 was significantly (P<0.05) lower than that under YPI-0 and YPI-3 treatments. Meanwhile, compared with YPI-0, the relative abundance of bacterivores under treatments of YPI-10 at the seedling stage and maturity stage increased significantly (P<0.05), while the relative abundance of plant parasites was significantly (P<0.05) decreased. Redundancy analysis (RDA) indicated that the number of Tylenchus, Meloidogyne and Pratylenchus had significantly (P<0.05) positive correlations with soil available phosphorus and available potassium, and the number of most bacterivores had significantly (P<0.05) negative correlations with soil pH, and contents of organic matter, ammonium nitrogen. The Shannon diversity index (H’) and dominance index (λ) had no significant change under different planting patterns at both seedling stage and maturity stage, and the nematode channel ratio (NCR) value was all higher than 0.5, which indicated that the decomposition of soil organic matter under different planting patterns was mainly bacterial degradation, and the Wasilewska index (WI) and maturity index (MI) under treatments of YPI-6 and YPI-10 were significantly (P<0.05) higher than those under YPI-0 treatment, while the performance of plant parasite index (PPI) to MI (PPI/MI) was the opposite. In conclusion, increasing the two stubble interval of Chinese yam changed the community of soil nematodes, which not only reduced the abundance of harmful plant parasites, but also made the soil ecosystem mature and healthy, and the effect was better with the increasing interval years.