不同气体成分贮藏对狗头枣鲜果生理变化与品质的影响

研究不同气体成分贮藏对狗头枣生理变化与品质的影响,为狗头枣贮藏保鲜提供理论基础和技术方法。以陕西延安狗头枣为试材,研究了狗头枣的呼吸类型,探索了不同气体配比对狗头枣贮藏期间糖、酸、维生素C(V_C)含量和主要酶活性的影响,并在贮后进行了感官鉴评。结果表明:狗头枣为非呼吸跃变型果实, 10%O₂+90%N₂气体配比能减缓枣果实硬度和可滴定酸含量的下降速率,较好地保持还原糖和V_C含量,抑制多聚半乳糖醛酸酶(PG)、过氧化物酶(POD)和多酚氧化酶(PPO)的活性,使过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性得到较好的维持。狗头枣鲜果在温度-1~0 ℃、相对湿度90%~95%、气体配比10%O₂+90%N₂的条件下贮藏80 d,好果率88.6%,鲜度指数0.59,贮后感官鉴评品质良好。

Effects of different gas composition storage on physiological changes and quality of Dog-head jujube fruit

The effects of different gas composition storage on physiological changes and quality of Dog-head jujube fruit were studied. Shaanxi Yan’an Dog-head jujube was selected as the material to investigate the respiration type, and the storage effect of different gas ratios on the content of sugar, acid, vitamin C (V_C) and the activity of main enzymes. The sensory evaluation was carried out after the storage. Results showed that Dog-head jujube was non-climacteric fruit. The ratio of 10%O₂+90%N₂ gas could slow down the decreasing rate of fruit hardness and titratable acid content, maintain the content of reducing sugar and V_C, inhibit the activities of polygalacturonase (PG), peroxidase (POD) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and enhance catalase (CAT) activity. The fresh fruit was stored under the condition of low temperature of -1~0 ℃, relative humidity of 90%~95% and gas ratio of 10% O₂+90% N₂ for 80 d. After storage, the good fruit rate was 88.6%, freshness index was 0.59, and sensory evaluation quality was good.