“空心村”问题及其对策——以汤阴县南阳村为例

城市和农村是2种主要的人类居住聚落。在中国城市化迅速发展的进程中,广大农村地区出现了日益严重的空心村问题。空心村现象不仅表现在村落的空间形态布局上,而且表现为农村青壮年劳动力的大量外流,农村人力资源的流失上。以汤阴县南阳村为例,通过广泛的调查和实地考察,总结了空心村空心化发展的3个阶段,阐明了村落向心力与离心力失衡、经济发展迅速和观念意识落后、新房建设加速和规划管理滞后等三大矛盾是村落空心化形成的因素。针对空心村对耕地资源、小康社会建设、农村人居环境、农村经济发展以及养老问题等带来的不利影响,站在科学发展观的角度,以新农村建设为目标,从管理、规划、基础设施建设、发展方向等方面提出相应的对策措施。

Problems and Countermeasures of Hollow Village

Cities and countryside are the main inhabitable communities for human being.Along with the rapid development of urbanization in China,there is "hollow village",which is one of the problems in the rural areas and becoming more and more serious.The phenomenon of "hollow village" not only displays in the spatial shape of the village,but also displays in the massive outflows of young adults labor force in the countryside.It causes the draining of human resources in the countryside,which is disadvantageous to the development of the rural economy.Taking Nanyang Village of Tangyin County for an example,three development phrases of "hollow village" were summarized based on deeply research and analysis.It was expounded that the forming factors of "hollow village" were three contradictions,including unbalance between centripetal and centrifugal forces in village,unbalance between rapid economic development and unenlightened ideology,speedup of house building and weakness of administration.Aiming at the unfavorable influences of "hollow village" on arable land resources,construction of the well-off society,environmental quality,development of rural economy,the question of cares for the aged and etc,some countermeasures were put forward from the aspects of administration,planning,infrastructure construction,development direction and so on from the angel of scientific development view,with new rural reconstruction as the goal.