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Overexpression of the Barley Nicotianamine Synthase Gene HvNAS1 Increases Iron and Zinc Concentrations in Rice Grains |
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| Authors: | Hiroshi Masuda Kanako Usuda Takanori Kobayashi Yasuhiro Ishimaru Yusuke Kakei Michiko Takahashi Kyoko Higuchi Hiromi Nakanishi Satoshi Mori Naoko K. Nishizawa |
| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Global Agricultural Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan 4. Faculty of Agriculture, Utsunomiya University, 350 Minemachi, Utsunomiya-shi, 321-8505, Tochigi, Japan 2. Department of Applied Biology and Chemistry, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuraoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 156-8502, Japan 3. Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan |
| Abstract: | In humans, iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) deficiencies result in major worldwide health problems. Transgenic technologies to produce Fe- and Zn-biofortified rice varieties offer a promising potential solution. Nicotianamine, the precursor of phytosiderophores, chelates Fe2+ and Zn2+ and plays an important role in transporting these metals to both vegetative and reproductive organs within the plant. Our objective was to increase Fe and Zn contents in rice grains by overexpressing the barley nicotianamine synthase gene HvNAS1. HvNAS1-overexpressing transgenic rice showed increased HvNAS1 expression and subsequent increases in endogenous nicotianamine and phytosiderophore content in shoots, roots, and seeds. Fe and Zn concentrations in polished T1 seeds from transgenic plants increased more than three and twofold, respectively; Fe and Zn concentrations also increased in both polished and brown T2 seeds. These results suggest that the overproduction of nicotianamine enhances the translocation of Fe and Zn into rice grains. |
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