冬小麦品种（系）品质相关基因的分子标记检测

为了解10年来中国冬小麦育成品种（系）的面筋强度、黄色素含量、多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性以及1BL·1RS易位相关基因的分布情况，利用Dx5、By8、YP7A、PPO18和H2O特异性功能标记对266份冬小麦品种（系）进行检测。结果表明，面筋强度相关基因 Dx5和 By8的分布频率分别为32.0%和28.9%，PPO活性相关基因 Ppo-A1a和 PPo-A1b的分布频率分别为54.1%和45.9%，黄色素含量相关基因 Psy-A1a和 Psy-A1b的分布频率分别为76.3%和23.7％，1BL·1RS易位基因型的分布频率为45.9%。不同省份之间品质相关基因分布差异较大，1BL·1RS易位在江苏、河南和陕西品种（系）中出现的频率较高，分别为81.3%、57.2%和35.7%，而在河北、山东和北京品种（系）中出现的频率较低，分别为15.0%、8.7%和8.3%； Dx5和 By8在河北、山东品种中出现的频率较高，分别为60.9%、65.2%和45.0%、45.0%； Ppo-A1b和 Pys-A1a在山东、北京、河北品种（系）中出现的频率较高，分别为95.7%、83.3%、75.0%和100.0%、83.3%、80.0%。筛选到 Psy-A1b/PPo-A1b/ Dx5/By8和 Psy-A1a/ PPo-A1b/ Dx5/ By8基因聚合且不含1BL·1RS易位的品种（系）分别有2和23份，可作为优质面条小麦育种的亲本材料；筛选到 Psy-A1b/ PPo-A1b/ Dx5基因聚合且为1BL·1RS易位的品种（系）12份，可用于1BL·1RS易位系品质改良的研究。

Molecular Detection of Quality-Related Genes in Chinese Winter Wheat Cultivars

In order to understand the genes distribution related to gluten strength,yellow pigment content,polyphenol oxidase(PPO) activity and 1BL·1RS translocation in Chinese winter wheat cultivars(lines) in the last decade.The allelic variations of Dx5, By8, Psy-A1, Ppo-A1 and 1BL·1RS were detected by using the functional markers.The results showed that the distribution frequencies of Dx5 and By8 related to gluten strength were 32.0% and 28.9%; The distribution frequencies of Ppo-A1a and Ppo-A1b related to PPO activity were 54.1% and 45.9%,and the frequencies of Psy-A1a and Psy-A1b related to yellow pigment content were 76.3% and 23.7%,respectively.The 1BL·1RS translocation lines accounted for 45.9% of the tested materials.The distribution of quality-related genotypes in different provinces was significantly different. The occurrence frequencies of 1BL·1RS translocation in Jiangsu,Henan and Shaanxi cultivars(lines) was 81.3%,57.2% and 35.7%,respectively,while the occurrence frequencies of 1BL·1RS in Hebei,Shandong and Beijing cultivars(lines) was 15.0%,8.7% and 8.3%,respectively. The frequencies of Dx5 and By8 in Hebei and Shandong cultivars(lines) were higher than that of other provinces.In Hebei and Shandong cultivars(lines),the frequencies of Dx5 is 60.9% and 45.0%,respectively,and the frequencies of By8 is 65.2% and 45.0%,respectively. The frequencies of Ppo-A1b, Psy-A1a were higher in Shandong,Beijing and Hebei cultivars(lines),and were 95.7%,83.3%,75.0% and 100.0%,83.3% and 80.0%,respectively.There were two non-1BL·1RS translocation lines with Psy-A1b/Ppo-A1b/Dx5/By8,and 23 non-1BL/1RS translocation lines with Psy-A1a/Ppo-A1b/Dx5/By8,which could be used as the parents in high quality noodle wheat breeding. The selected 12 1BL·1RS translocation lines with Psy-A1b/Ppo-A1b/Dx5 can be used as research materials to improve the quality of 1BL·1RS translocation lines.