Longitudinal identification of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in dairy calves on a farm in Southern Xinjiang,China |
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| Institution: | 1. College of Animal Science, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang 843300, China;2. Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China;1. Bacteriology, Immunology and Mycology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Egypt;2. Animal Health Research Institute, Dokki, Giza, Egypt;3. Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Egypt;1. Department of Veterinary Pathology and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan;2. Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan;3. School of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan;4. Department of Global Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington D.C, USA;5. Department of Global and Community Health, College of Health and Human Services, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA;1. Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea;2. State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Microbiology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China;1. Bachelor Program in Health Care and Social Work for Indigenous Students, College of Humanities & Social Sciences, Providence University, Taichung 43301, Taiwan;2. Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi 62102, Taiwan;3. Department of Energy, Joint Genome Institute, CA 94598, USA;4. Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan;5. Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan;6. Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan;7. Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan;8. Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan;1. Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Science, ?eské Budějovice, Czech Republic;2. Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia in ?eské Budějovice, ?eské Budějovice, Czech Republic |
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| Abstract: | Enterocytozoon bieneusi is the most common species responsible for human and animals microsporidiasis. A total of 250 samples were collected weekly from 25 newborn dairy calves of a farm in Southern Xinjiang, China at one to ten weeks of age. Enterocytozoon bieneusi was identified and genotyped by nested PCR amplification and sequencing of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region.The cumulative prevalence of E. bieneusi infection was 100% (25/25), and the average infection was 52.0% (130/250). The highest infection rate was recorded at six weeks of age (92.0%, 23/25), and no infection was observed at one and two weeks of age. Sequencing analysis showed nine E. bieneusi genotypes (J, EbpC, PigEBITS5, CHV4, CHC3, CS-9, KIN-1, CH5, and CAM5) were identified. The highest genetic polymorphism was observed at ten weeks of age. Genotype J was the predominant E. bieneusi genotype. Phylogenetic analysis clustered genotype J into Group 2 and other eight genotypes (EbpC, PigEBITS5, CHV4, CHC3, CS-9, KIN-1, CH5, and CAM5), detected in 22 (16.9%, 22/130) samples, into Group 1. Among the genotypes, EbpC, KIN-1, and J have been identified in humans. The highest E. bieneusi infection rate (57.9%, 124/214) was observed in fecal samples with formed feces with no diarrhea (p < 0.01), and high genetic polymorphism was observed in class I fecal samples. The presence of zoonotic E. bieneusi genotypes in dairy calves suggests the possibility of transmitting zoonotic infections to humans. It provides the basic data on dynamic change of E. bieneusi in calves. |
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| Keywords: | Longitudinal identification Genotype Dairy calves |
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