Mathematical model for goldfish recirculating aquaculture system (GRAS) |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Associate Professor & Head, Department of Aquacultural Engineering, College of Fisheries Engineering, Tamil Nadu Fisheries University, Muttam Panangudi, Nagapattianam, 611002, India;2. Professor & Associate Dean, School of Civil Engineering, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India;3. Assistant Professor (Rtd), Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, 721302, West Bengal, India;1. Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2R3, Canada;2. Engineering College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China;3. Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China;1. Craft & Hawkins, Department of Petroleum Engineering, Louisiana State University, 3207 Patrick F. Taylor Hall, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA;2. Department of Biological & Agricultural Engineering, Louisiana State University, 149 E. B. Doran Building, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA;3. Aquatic Germplasm and Genetic Resources Center, School of Renewable Natural Resources, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, 2288 Gourrier Avenue, Baton Rouge, LA, 70820, USA;1. North Carolina State University, Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Raleigh, NC, United States;2. North Carolina State University, Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, Raleigh, NC, United States;1. Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Gulf Fisheries Centre, 343 Université Ave., Moncton, NB, E1C 9B6, Canada;1. State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China;2. School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen, 361024, China;1. Department of Biology and Centre for Coastal Studies and Aquaculture, University of New Brunswick, Ganong Hall, P. O. Box 5050, Saint John, New Brunswick E2L 4L5, Canada;2. School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA;3. Department of Fisheries Science, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran;4. National Institute of Aquatic Resources, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark;5. Billund Aquaculture, Montanavej 2, DK-7190 Billund, Denmark;6. Mount Allison University, 62 York Street, Sackville, New Brunswick E4L 1E2, Canada |
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| Abstract: | A mathematical model is framed for a goldfish recirculating aquaculture system based on unsteady-state mass balance for prediction of the concentration of total ammonia nitrogen (TAN), nitrite-nitrogen (NO2-N), nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N), dissolved oxygen (DO) and total suspended solids (TSS). The goldfish were stocked at 100 numbers per m3 of rearing water volume of 5 m3 tank capacity in the years 2009 and 2010 and the model was calibrated and validated. The recirculation flow rate was fixed at 29,000 L/day. The model parameters were estimated as kTAN (mg of TAN generated per kg of feed): 20,000, M (mortality rate): 0.002 day−1, α (percentage of feed conversion to suspended solids): 23.8, koxy (mg of oxygen required for fish respiration per kg of feed applied in unit time): 300,000, kb (partial nitrification in the culture tank): 0.86 and the reaction rate constants, k1 and k2: 84.65 day−1 and 42.03 day−1 respectively and temperature growth coefficient (TGC): 5.00 × 10-5. The model efficacy was adjudged by estimation of the coefficient of determination (R2), root mean square error (RMSE), Nash-Sutcliffe modelling efficiency (ENS) and graphical plots between predicted and observed values. |
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| Keywords: | Mathematical model Goldfish Water quality Recirculating aquaculture system |
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