Leptospira spp. in horses in southern Brazil: Seroprevalence,infection risk factors,and influence on reproduction |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, SC, Brazil;2. Graduate Program in Toxicological Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil;3. Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil;4. Graduate Program of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Lages, SC, Brazil;1. Department of Animal Biology, Biology Institute, State Campinas University, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil;2. Department of Genetics and Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Biology Institute, State Campinas University, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil;3. Superintendência de Controle de Endemias, Seção Técnica de Pesquisa, Controle deVetores, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil;4. Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil;1. Department of Avian and Rabbit Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Zagazig, Egypt;2. Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Zagazig, Egypt;3. Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Zagazig, Egypt;1. Centro de Pesquisa em Saúde Animal, Instituto de Pesquisas Veterinárias Desidério Finamor (IPVDF), Eldorado do Sul, RS, Brazil;2. Área de Vida Assessoria e Consultoria em Biologia e Meio Ambiente, Canoas, RS, Brazil;3. Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, RS, Brazil;4. Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil;5. Museu de Ciências Naturais (MCN), Fundação Zoobotânica do Rio Grande do Sul (FZB-RS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil;1. OIE Leptospira Reference Laboratory, Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Veterinary Sciences Division, Stoney Road, Stormont, Belfast BT4 3SD, UK;2. Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Veterinärstrasse 2, 85764 Oberschleissheim, Germany |
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| Abstract: | Leptospirosis in horses is often associated with reproductive disorders. In the southern states of Brazil, horses are used for various jobs and cultural practices; nevertheless, serological surveillance for Leptospira is rare. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of Leptospira spp. in horses in southern Brazil, as well as to identify the risk factors for infection and its impacts on reproduction. We performed microscopic agglutination tests for 12 serovars that corresponding 9 serogroup (Sejroe, Icterohaemorrhagiae, Australis, Pyrogenes, Pomona, Canicola, Grippotyphosa, Tarassovi and Ballum) in 595 samples from 60 herds. A brief history was obtained to analyze risk factors for reproductive disorders. A total of 45.9% of the tested horses were seropositive, of which the most frequent serogroups were Icterohaemorrhagiae (Icterohaemorrhagiae and Copenhageni serovars) and Ballum (Ballum serovar). Simple infections were found in 45.4% of seropositive animals, while mixed infections occurred in 54.6% of horses. There was a correlation between seropositivity and age and sex, that is, seropositivity was more frequent in animals over 6 years old and in females. There was no correlation between seropositivity and reproductive disorders. We conclude that there is a high seroprevalence of Leptospira spp. in southern Brazil with predominance of Icterohaemorrhagiae serogroup, mainly in older animals. Location, breeds, contact with dogs or other domestic animals are not risk factors, whereas gender is a risk factor. Reproductive disorders are not due to leptospirosis in the study region. |
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| Keywords: | Risk factors Leptospirosis Reproductive disorders Serovars Spirochete |
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