Toxoplasma gondii surface antigen 1 (SAG1) as a potential candidate to develop vaccine against toxoplasmosis: A systematic review |
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| Institution: | 1. Infectious Disease Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran;2. Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.;3. Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Sari Branch, Islamic AZAD University, Sari, Iran;4. Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran;5. Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran;6. Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States;7. Immunonogenetics Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran;8. Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;1. Laboratorio de Inmunología, Vacunas y Alergia, CESyMA, Escuela de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de San Martín (UNSAM), Buenos Aires, Argentina;2. Laboratorio de Inmunología Molecular, Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas, Universidad Nacional de San Martín (UNSAM), Buenos Aires, Argentina;3. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina;1. Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran;2. Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran;1. Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea;2. Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA;3. Department of Medical Zoology, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea;4. Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea |
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| Abstract: | Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular parasite that infects a broad range of animal species and humans. As the main surface antigen of the tachyzoite, SAG1 is involved in the process of recognition, adhesion and invasion of host cells. The aim of the current systematic review study is to clarify the latest status of studies in the literature regarding SAG1-associated recombinant proteins or SAG1-associated recombinant DNAs as potential vaccines against toxoplasmosis. Data were systematically collected from six databases including PubMed, Science Direct, Web of Science, Google Scholar, EBSCO and Scopus, up to 1st of January 2019. A total of 87 articles were eligible for inclusion criteria in the current systematic review. The most common antigens used for experimental cocktail vaccines together with SAG1 were ROP2 and SAG2. In addition, the most parasite strains used were RH and ME49. Freund’s adjuvant and cholera toxin have been predominantly utilized. Furthermore, regarding the animal models, route and dose of vaccination, challenge methods, measurement of immune responses and cyst burden have been discussed in the text. Most of these experimental vaccines induce immune responses and have a high degree of protection against parasite infections, increase survival rates and duration and reduce cyst burdens. The data demonstrated that SAG1 antigen has a high potential for use as a vaccine and provided a promising approach for protecting humans and animals against toxoplasmosis. |
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| Keywords: | SAG1 DNA vaccine Protein vaccine Immunization |
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