6个中国重点保护地方鹅品种的遗传多样性

对我国6个受重点保护的地方鹅品种资源(四川白鹅、狮头鹅、豁眼鹅、雁鹅、伊犁鹅和皖西白鹅)的遗传多样性进行了微卫星标记的研究。结果表明:6个品种的平均杂合度都较高,最高的是四川白鹅(0.6415),最低的是雁鹅(0.5010),表明了各鹅种的杂合度和遗传多样性水平都较高,而且杂合度的高低与PIC值的大小体现了较高的一致性;通过计算DS遗传距离发现6个品种的遗传距离较远,分化时间较长;UPGMA聚类结果将6个重点保护鹅品种聚为五类,安徽省的雁鹅和皖西白鹅聚为一类,豁眼鹅、伊犁鹅、狮头鹅、四川白鹅分别独自聚类。UPGMA的聚类结果分析与几个鹅品种的选育历史及地理分布是一致的。本研究结果为加强对我国现有鹅品种资源的保护和有效、合理、持续利用具有重大意义。

Study on Genetic Diversity of Six Domestic Concernful Goose Breeds in China

By using microsatellite markers,the genetic diversity of 6 domestic concernful Chinese goose breeds i.e.Sichuan white,Shitou,Huo,Yan,Yili, and Wanxi white is reported in this paper.The results show that the mean heterozygosity is the highest in Sichuan white(0.6415),the lowest in Yan(0.5010),all higher than 0.5 in other breeds,which reflects the rich diversity.The order of the heterozygosity is almost consistent with that of the polymorphism information content(PIC).The D_S genetic distances suggest the longer differentiation.The UPGMA tree is obtained through analysis of Nei's standard genetic distance(D_S).In the tree,Yan and Wanxi white are grouped together,Huo,Yili,Shitou and Sichuan white have their own branch respectively.UPGMA tree well reflect their breeding histories and distributions.Those results can be used to the foundation to reasonable conservation and development of those rare indigenous goose breeds.