影响棉花幼胚(珠)离体培养及植株建成的因素分析

幼胚(珠)离体培养是棉花远缘杂交胚挽救的重要手段,也是研究棉花胚胎发育和纤维发育机理的基础技术。自1935年以来,棉花离体幼胚(珠)培养取得了一定的进展,但目前形成的幼胚培养技术较为复杂,需要在不同胚胎发育阶段变换使用不同的培养基,才能实现幼胚发育成熟和植株形态建成。常用培养基为BT和MS培养基,幼胚的基因型、多种激素(IAA,KT,GA)、碳源和氮源及不同的NO3-/NH4 比例等诸多因素均对培养效果有着重要影响。

In vitro Culture of Immature Embryos or Ovules and Plantlet Formation in Cotton

The in vitro culture of immature embryos or ovules was employed in embryo rescue to overcome imcompatible interspecific hybridization in Gossypium L.It was also an important means in studying embryo and fiber development mechanism.The methods of immature embryo(ovule) culture have been improved since 1935,but they were still relatively complicated. Different mediums should be exploited at the stage of embryo development to achieve the embryo maturation and plantlet formation.BT or MS were usually used as basic mediums.Cotton genotypes markedly influenced the effect of the culture in vitro.Various combinations and concentrations of IAA,KT or GA were usually supplemented in the stages from immature embryo development to embryo maturation.The concentrations of carbon sources,nitrogen sources and combinations of NO-3~-/NH-4~ played an important role in the culture process.