豫北高产灌区小麦生产与肥料施用状况研究

利用统计数据,结合农户调查资料,对温县、浚县两个典型区域小麦生产和肥料施用状况进行了分析。研究表明,不同农户之间小麦产量、小麦播种量、化肥用量和施用方法等差别较大。温县2006年小麦单产平均达7 960 kg/hm2,有27.31%的农户氮肥用量低于120 kg/hm2,有9.23%的农户不施用磷肥,11.81%的农户不施用钾肥,氮肥一次性基施比例占调查农户的32.17%。浚县2006年小麦单产平均为7 210 kg/hm2,小麦每公顷播种量大于200 kg的占调查农户的73.31%,有1/2以上的农户过量施用氮肥;有13.79%的农户不施用磷肥,有35.45%的农户不施用钾肥,氮肥一次性基施占调查农户的11.38%。

Wheat Production and Fertilizer Application in Northern Henan Province

Wheat production and fertilizer application of Xun county and Wen county in typical area of Henan province were analyzed based on the statistical data and survey data from farmers.The results showed that there existed big difference among farmers for wheat yield,wheat sowing rate,fertilizer rate,fertilizer applying methods.The average yield of Wen county was 7960kg/ha in 2006,27.31% of investigated farmers applied nitrogen fertilizer less than 120kg/ha,9.23% of farmers did not use phosphorus fertilizer,11.81% of farmers did not apply potassium fertilizer,and 32.17% of farmers applied nitrogen fertilizer only once during the whole wheat growing period.The average yield of Xun county was 7210kg/ha in 2006,73.31% of farmers sowed wheat seeds more than 400kg/ha,1/2 of investigated farmers applied nitrogen excessively,13.79% of farmers did not use phosphorus fertilizer,35.45% of farmers did not apply pottasium fertilizer,and 11.38% of farmers applied nitrogen fertilizer only once during the whole wheat growing period.