荒漠半灌木白滨藜种子的萌发特性及其生态意义 |
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引用本文: | 蔡丹红,严成,魏岩. 荒漠半灌木白滨藜种子的萌发特性及其生态意义[J]. 草业科学, 2015, 0(10): 131-138. DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2014463 |
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作者姓名: | 蔡丹红 严成 魏岩 |
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作者单位: | 1. 新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院,新疆草地资源与生态重点实验室,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830052;2. 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,新疆 乌鲁木齐,830011 |
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摘 要: | 白滨藜是具有抗旱、抗盐碱和耐贫瘠能力的半灌木,为新疆地区的良等牧草。通过研究温度、贮藏时间、苞片及盐分对白滨藜种子萌发的影响,结果表明:白滨藜种子萌发的最适温度为20/30℃和25/35℃。室温干藏2~8个月显著提高种子的萌发速率,干藏10个月后,种子萌发速率与萌发率显著降低。苞片延缓种子吸胀,对种子的最终萌发率有显著影响;去除苞片可以明显促进种子的萌发。浓度低于0.8 mol/L 的 NaCl 溶液对种子萌发的影响不大;但从0.8 mol/L 起萌发率随着浓度增高而降低,直至为零;将在0.05~4.00 mol/L 盐溶液中处理的种子转移至蒸馏水后,仍有一定的萌发恢复率,表明 NaCl 处理后的部分种子有保持活力的能力,部分种子丧失活力。对白滨藜种子萌发特性的研究,为揭示其萌发行为进化和生态适应机制提供科学依据,也为新疆荒漠盐碱地区饲用半灌木引种改良,良种繁育提供基础资料。
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关 键 词: | 白滨藜 温周期 NaCl 胁迫 苞片 种子萌发 |
Seed germination characteristics of the desert subshrub Atriplex cana and its ecologi-cal significance |
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Abstract: | Atriplex cana is a xerophytic subshrub with drought resistance,salinity resistance and low fertility tolerance.It is a useful forage plant in Xinjiang.Experiments were conducted to determine the effects of tem-perature,seed bract removal,and NaCl on seed germination.Seeds were able to germinate in a range of tem-peratures from 5/15℃ to 25/35℃.The higher the temperature,the faster the germination occurred.The opti-mum temperature regime for seed germination was 20/30℃ and 25/35℃.Under a 25℃ dark/35℃ light re-gime,the final germination percentage reached a maximum value after 6-8 days of hydration,while under 5/15℃ and 10/20℃ temperature regimes final germination percentage was achieved after 25-34 days.There was a significant increase in seed germination rate after 2-8 months seed storage,while germination percentage of seeds decreased when exposed to natural atmospheric conditions for 10 months.Bracts formed a mechanical barrier to water uptake,and has a significant influence on the final seed germination rate.Removal of bracts promoted seed germination.Germination was not affected by NaCl at concentrations below 0.8 mol/L,but was decreased by NaCl at higher concentrations.Seeds incubated in NaCl at concentrations of 0.05-4.00 mol/L re-covered after being transferred to distilled water.After NaCl treatment some seeds retained their vigor,while others lost vigor.Research into seed germination characteristics may reveal a scientific basis for this ecological adaptation trait.Such research may also provide basic data for improvement salinity tolerant forage subshrub production in the Xinjiang desert. |
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Keywords: | Atriplex cana temperature NaCl stress bracts germination |
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