四川王朗自然保护区及邻近地区蚂蚁物种的分布格局

为了揭示四川省蚂蚁物种分布规律，采用样地调查法研究了王朗自然保护区及邻近地区蚂蚁物种的分布格局，共发现蚂蚁5亚科37属77种。结论认为:气温和植被类型对蚂蚁物种的分布和丰富度起主要作用，低海拔植被类型食物资源丰富，栖息着更多的蚂蚁物种，林窗效应可以提高蚂蚁物种的丰富度。针阔混交林栖息的蚂蚁物种最多，多为土壤内筑巢，地表觅食。不同地方蚂蚁物种对筑巢场所的选择与气候因素有关。随着纬度降低，到达树冠上觅食的蚂蚁物种比例递增。因为对环境要求严苛，大部分蚂蚁物种分布范围较窄，生态适应能力弱，这些物种很容易因受到人类干扰而在局部地区陷入濒危境地。王朗自然保护区及邻近地区栖息着丰富的蚂蚁狭域物种，在生物多样性保护中具有重要价值。

Distribution patterns of ant species from Wanglang Nature Reserve and adjacent areas of Sichuan Province

To reveal the distribution law of ant species in Sichuan Province, distribution patterns of ant species from Wanglang Nature Reserve and adjacent areas were determined using a sample-plot method. Results showed a total of 77 ant species belonging to 5 subfamilies and 37 genera of Formicidae. Air temperature and vegetation types were the main influences on ant species distribution and richness. More ant species inhabited low altitude vegetation due to the rich food supply, and forest gaps increased ant species richness. Conifer-broadleaf forests had the richest ant species among all vegetation types. More species nested in soils and foraged on the ground. Selection of nesting sites by ant species in different locations was related to climate factors. The rate of ant species foraging on tree canopies increased as latitude decreased. Most ant species had a relatively narrower distribution range and weaker ecological adaptive ability because they were sensitive to the environment. These species easily became endangered in local areas when disturbed by human beings. Overall, there was a rich but narrow-range of ant species that inhabited the Wanglang Nature Reserve and adjacent areas, and they had an important value in biodiversity conservation.