不同来源托鲁巴姆种子的发芽特性研究

野生茄子托鲁巴姆(Solanum torvum)是目前应用最广泛的茄子砧木品种。针对当前种子市场上托鲁巴姆供货渠道多、种子质量参差不齐等问题,以10份不同来源的托鲁巴姆种子为材料,研究GA₃浓度及GA₃浸种时间对种子发芽势、发芽率及发芽指数的影响。试验结果显示,在未经GA₃处理的条件下,不同来源的托鲁巴姆种子发芽势、发芽率存在显著差异,其中仅2份托鲁巴姆种子的发芽率达到90%以上。托鲁巴姆种子来源、GA₃浓度对种子发芽率、发芽指数存在极显著影响,GA₃浸种时间对种子发芽指数存在极显著影响。在种子发芽率方面,种子来源×GA₃浓度、GA₃浓度×GA₃浸种时间以及种子来源×GA₃浓度×GA₃浸种时间的互作效应达到显著或极显著水平;而在种子发芽指数方面,种子来源、GA₃浓度、GA₃浸种时间之间的一级互作、二级互作均达到极显著水平。表明不同来源的托鲁巴姆种子适宜采用不同的GA₃浓度和GA₃浸种时间,以达到最佳的种子发芽效果。试验结果还表明,在购买的10份托鲁巴姆种子中,有9份发芽率未达到种子包装袋标识的发芽率水平。

Studies on germination characteristics of Solanum torvum seeds from various sources

Wild eggplant Solanum torvum is very popular as an eggplant rootstock in graft seedling production. There are several issues of Solanum torvum in the current seed market, such as too many supply channels and uneven seed quality. In the present experiment, ten sources of Solanum torvum were used as materials to study the effect of GA₃ concentration and GA₃ soaking duration on seed germination potential, seed germination rate (GR) and seed germination index (GI). It was found that seed germination potential and seed germination rate were significantly different among these ten Solanum torvum seeds without GA₃ treatment, and there were only two sources of Solanum torvum seeds whose germination rate were more than 90%. The source of Solanum torvum and GA₃ concentration had significant effects on seed germination rate and seed germination index, and GA₃ soaking duration had significant effect on seed germination index. There were significant effects of interaction on seed germination rate in Solanum torvum seed source×GA₃ concentration, GA₃ concentration×GA₃ soaking duration, and Solanum torvum seed source×GA₃ concentration×GA₃ soaking duration. Moreover, there were significant interactive effects on GI in the source of Solanum torvum seed×GA₃ concentration, the source of Solanum torvum seed×GA₃ soaking duration, GA₃ concentration×GA₃ soaking duration, and Solanum torvum seed source×GA₃ concentration×GA₃ soaking duration. It suggested that each source of Solanum torvum demanded respective GA₃ concentration and GA₃ soaking duration to obtain the best germination performance. In addition, the germination rate of most Solanum torvum seed sources were lower than that mentioned on the seed packing bag.