火腿肠饵料对红火蚁引诱效果的对比研究

从火腿肠种类、诱饵放置距离、诱集时间3方面,对比研究12种火腿肠饵料对红火蚁的引诱效果。结果表明,猪肉以及脂类物质含量较高的蘑菇风味香肠、孜然风味香肠、特级火腿肠和盐水方腿香肠对红火蚁诱集效果最好,鸡肉火腿肠、玉米热狗肠、椰果烤香肠、原味烤香肠和香辣烤香肠对红火蚁工蚁的引诱效果次之,鱼肉肠、芝士鳕鱼肠和原味鳕鱼肠对红火蚁诱集效果相对较差。在试验设置距离范围内,距蚁巢20 cm和30 cm处各种火腿肠饵料的引诱效果最强,之后随着距离的增大引诱效果呈现下降趋势。蘑菇风味香肠、孜然风味香肠、特级火腿肠和盐水方腿香肠对红火蚁的持续诱集时间短于鱼肉肠、芝士鳕鱼肠和原味鳕鱼肠等,但最大召集红火蚁量高于后者,且能较快达到最大召集量。综上,猪肉以及脂类物质较多且肉香味浓郁的蘑菇风味香肠、孜然风味香肠、特级火腿肠和盐水方腿香肠对红火蚁引诱效果最好,诱集范围广,召集速度快,可优先选作红火蚁疫情调查与监测的诱饵。

Study on attraction effect of ham sausage baits on worker ants of red imported fire ant (Solenopsis invicta Buren)

The attraction effect of 12 kinds of ham sausage baits on the worker ants of red imported fire ant (Solenopsis invicta Buren) was measured from 3 aspects including ham sausage kind, baits distance and attraction time. The results indicated that the attraction effects of baits with pork and high lipid content, i.e., mushroom flavored sausage, cumin flavored sausage, special grade ham sausage and saltwater square ham sausage were the best, and were followed by the chicken sausage, corn hot dog, coconut roast sausage, roast sausage, spicy roast sausage, while the effects of fish sausage, cheese cod sausage and original cod sausage were relatively poor. For the experimental setting distance, the attractive efficiency was the strongest at 20 cm and 30 cm from ant hills, and fell down with the distance increasing. Although mushroom flavored sausage, cumin flavored sausage, special grade ham sausage and saltwater square ham sausage had a shorter convened duration than fish sausage, cheese cod sausage, original cod sausage, the maximum number of workers convened by them were higher than the laters, and they reached the maximum convening amount faster. In summary, mushroom flavored sausage, cumin flavored sausage, special grade ham sausage and saltwater square ham sausage had the strongest attraction effect on red imported fire ant, with wider convened range and faster convened speed. They were the best choice in the view of investigation and monitoring on red imported fire ant.