毛竹采伐剩余物的化学成分、纤维形态及纸浆性能

为了更好地利用毛竹Phyllostachys edulis采伐剩余物，以4年生毛竹采伐剩余物竹枝和竹梢为研究对象，采用体视显微镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪以及热重分析仪等对毛竹采伐剩余物的化学成分和纤维形态等的性质进行分析，且利用硫酸盐法对毛竹采伐剩余物进行制浆造纸，并对纸张性能进行了评价。结果表明:毛竹采伐剩余物主要由纤维素、半纤维素和木质素组成；毛竹采伐剩余物的硝酸-乙醇纤维素质量分数介于342.9~409.3 g·kg-1，α-纤维素质量分数约420.0 g·kg-1，木质素约240.0 g·kg-1，苯醇抽提物为36.7~54.3 g·kg-1，10.0 g·L-1氢氧化钠抽提物为256.7~296.7 g·kg-1，灰分质量分数为8.5~26.5 g·kg-1；毛竹采伐剩余物半纤维素主要是由阿拉伯糖，木糖和糠醛等糖单元组成，其中以木糖为主（>85.0%）；毛竹采伐剩余物纤维长度主要分布在400~2 000 μm，长宽比为64.70~65.54；毛竹采伐剩余物热解过程主要分为3个阶段，热分解过程主要发生在第2阶段，毛竹采伐剩余物最大热分解温度为339~341℃；毛竹采伐剩余物经硫酸盐法成浆后，纸浆得率为44.71%，有良好的成浆性能，有较高的抗张强度（63.88 N·m-1·g-1）和耐破强度（4.14 kPa·m-2·g-1），比巨龙竹Dendrocalamus sinicus和龙竹D.peculiaris要优良，可作为纸浆材使用。

Chemical composition,fiber morphology,and pulping properties of logging residues in Phyllostachys edulis

To make better use of logging residues of Phyllostachys edulis, this study used bamboo culm tops and branches as research objects. Properties of the bamboo culm tops and branches, such as chemical composition and fiber morphology, were analyzed by Stereoscopic Microscope, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR), and Thermogravimetric Analyzer (four-year-old bamboo). The kraft process was used for pulp and paper and evaluating its pulping properties. The results showed that the logging residues of moso bamboo were mainly composed of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. The contents of nitric acid-ethanol cellulose in bamboo residues were between 342.9-409.3 g·kg-1, and the contents of α-cellulose were about 420.0 g·kg-1. The insoluble lignin contents were about 240.0 g·kg-1, the phenyl alcohol extract contents were 36.7-54.3 g·kg-1, the 10.0 g·L-1 NaOH extract contents were 256.7-296.7 g·kg-1, the ash contents were 8.5-26.5 g·kg-1, and the hemicellulose bamboo logging residues were mainly composed of sugar units such as arabinose, xylose and furfural. The contents of xylose were more than 85.0%. The bamboo fibers of logging residues were mainly distributed in the range of 400-2 000 μm and the aspect ratio was 64.70-65.54; The pyrolysis process of bamboo logging residues is mainly divided into three stages, and the thermal decomposition process mainly occurs in the second stage. The maximum thermal decomposition temperature of the bamboo logging residue was 339-341℃; the bamboo logging residues were treated by the sulfate method. After pulping, the pulp yield was 44.71%, with good pulping performance, high tensile strength (63.88 N·m-1·g-1) and burst strength (4.14 kPa·m-2·g-1), better than Dendrocalamus sinicus and D. peculiaris, and the logging residues from bamboo could be used as pulp instead of wood.