黄河中游地区开发建设新增水土流失预测方法研究

在分析北方农牧交错带地貌特征、气候类型、气温和降水变化趋势等方面的基础上,利用GIS和RS技术,探讨了其宏观生态背景分异。得出如下结论:(1)在全国尺度上,研究区隶属于6个地貌一级区,11个地貌二级区;(2)研究区包括7种气候类型,其中,东部主要以中温带季风性森林草原气候为主,中部以暖温带大陆性森林草原气候为主,西部以温带草原气候为主;(3)近40 a气温与降水变化趋势,在研究区均可分为2种类型3个区域。尽管它们在区域划分界线上不尽相同,但这2种方法所划分的3个区域的核心区域大体一致;(4)依据研究区宏观生态背景的特点,将研究区划分为3个区域:东部东北至华北农牧交错区、中部晋陕宁甘农牧交错区和西部甘青农牧交错区。3大区域在控制地貌、主要气候类型、气候变化趋势上均有各自的特点。

Prediction Methods for Newly Increased Soil and Water Loss in Development and Construction in Middle Reaches of Yellow River

According to the analysis of topographic characters,climate types,the change trend of both temperature and precipitation,use of the technique of RS and GIS,the spatial distribution pattern of macro-scale ecological background were discussed.Conclusion was made as follows:(1) On the countrywide scale,the research area was a part of 6 topography domains and 11 topography regions.(2) There were 7 types of climate in the research area.The East Region was prevailingly controlled by the meso-temperate forest-to-steppe climate,while the Middle Region,by the warm-temperate continental forest-to-steppe climate,and the West Region,by the temperate cold alpine grassland climate.(3) In the recent 40 years,climate change trends varied from region to region.In the East Region it showed mainly a tendency of warm-humid type,while in the Middle Region,a cold-arid type and in the West Region,back to a warm-humid type.(4) According to the geomorphic and climatic characteristics,the research area was divided into three regions: East North-by-Northeast China Farming-pastoral Zone(East Region for short),Middle Farming-pastoral Zone in Shanxi,Shaanxi, Ningxia and Gansu Provinces(Middle Region for short) and West Farming-pastoral Zone in Gansu and Qinghai Provinces(West Region for short).