设施蔬菜轮作和连作土壤酶活性的研究

采用盆栽试验,研究大棚蔬菜(津优1号黄瓜)在轮作(15、18和21年)和连作(2、7年)条件下,对土壤过氧化氢酶、脲酶、转化酶和多酚氧化酶活性的影响。结果表明,轮作土壤的过氧化氢酶、脲酶和转化酶的活性显著地高于连作7年的土壤(P0.05);随着连作年限的增加,过氧化氢酶、脲酶和转化酶的活性显著地降低(P0.05),多酚氧化酶的活性显著升高(P0.05)。通过对产量的分析表明,连作2年、7年土壤的黄瓜产量分别为每3盆7.91和3.14.kg,两者差异显著;轮作15、18和21年土壤的黄瓜产量分别为6.65、6.85和7.16kg/3盆,差异不显著;连作2年土壤的黄瓜产量显著高于其它处理(P0.05),连作7年土壤的黄瓜产量显著低于其它处理,黄瓜产量与土壤酶活性的变化趋势基本一致。过氧化氢酶、脲酶、转化酶和多酚氧化酶可以作为设施蔬菜敏感的土壤酶学指标。

Soil enzyme activities in vegetable rotation and continuous cropping system of under Shed Protection

The use of enzymatic activities as a microbial index of changes in soil biological properties and fertility is(widely) recognized.Enzyme activities are strongly affected by different cropping systems.A pot experiment was carried out using Jinyou 1 cucumber as the test plant to study effects of vegetable rotation and continuous cropping system on activities of Catalase,Urease,Invertase and Polyphenol oxidase under shed protection.The test soil was collected from the cucumber greenhouse with 2 years and 7 years continuous cropping and the greenhouse soil with 15 years,18 years and 21 years rotation,respectively.The results showed,the activity of Catalase,Urease and Invertase of rotating soil is higher than that of continuous cropping 7 years soil at the significant level(P< 0.05);with the increasing of continuous cropping years,the activity of Catalase,Urease and Invertase decreased markedly,but the activity of Polyphenol oxidase increased pronouncedly(P<0.05).The cucumber yield growing on continuous cropping 2 years and 7 years soil was 7.91 kg and 3.14 kg per pot respectively with statistical difference.The yield of cucumber growing on rotating 15 years, 18 years and 21 years soil was 6.65 kg,6.85 kg and 7.16 kg per pot respectively with no statistical difference.The yield cucumber growing on the soil with 2 years continuous cropping was significant higher than other treatments,while the yield with the soil under 7 years continuous cropping was the significant lower(P<0.05).The cucumber yield coincided with activity variation of soil enzymes indicating that Catalase,Urease,Invertase and Polyphenol oxidase can be used as sensitive biological indexes for cultivation practicesmode.