丘陵烟区不同生态环境烟叶生产全程机械化路径分析

为推进丘陵烟区烟叶生产全程机械化,探索出科学合理的丘陵烟区不同生态环境下烟叶生产机械化路径。本文在全面综述丘陵烟区烟叶生产主要环节机械化作业现状的基础上,针对贵州省代表性烟叶生产基地单元(遵义县鸭溪、普安县青山和黔西市林泉)的生产实际开展全程机械化测试。首先,通过专家咨询和实际考察,明确了丘陵烟区烟叶生产机械化主要环节农机农艺融合参数;其次,基于烟草农机全程机械化测试结果,确定了丘陵烟区烟叶生产主要环节机型选择原则、作业时限、储备系数和农机配置方法;最后,制定出适合于“坝区”和“山区”烟叶主要生产环节农机千亩配置选择标准。通过上述研究,可以加快农机农艺融合水平,优化农机配置选型,为丘陵烟区不同生态环境烟叶生产全程机械化推广打下坚实基础。

Path and method analysis of mechanization of tobacco production under different ecological environments in hilly tobacco-growing areas

In order to promote the whole mechanization of tobacco production in hilly tobacco-growing areas, scientific and reasonable paths and methods of tobacco production mechanization in different ecological environments in hilly tobacco-growing areas were explored. On the basis of a comprehensive overview of the present situation of mechanization operation in the main links of tobacco production in hilly tobacco-growing areas, this paper carried out the whole-process mechanization test according to the actual production of representative tobacco production base units in Guizhou Province (Yaxi, Zunyi County, Qingshan, Pu "an County and Linquan, Qianxi City). Firstly, through expert consultation and practical investigation, the evaluation parameters of main operation links of tobacco production mechanization in hilly tobacco-growing areas are defined. Then, based on the test results of the whole mechanization of tobacco agricultural machinery, the selection principle, operation time limit and reserve coefficient of the main links of tobacco production in hilly tobacco-growing areas were determined, and the selection standard of 1000 mu configuration of agricultural machinery suitable for the main links of tobacco production in "dam areas" and "mountain areas" was worked out. Finally, a comparative analysis of the benefits of both manual and mechanical operations at the present stage is made. The results show that the effects of reducing labor and cost in the links before transplanting, cultivating soil and pulling stalks are ideal. Through the above research, it can lay a solid foundation for the evaluation, allocation and selection, benefit analysis and comprehensive promotion of the whole mechanization operation level of tobacco production in different ecological environments in hilly tobacco-growing areas.