黑米皮提取物的抗氧化与降血脂作用及其成分分析

【目的】研究黑米皮提取物对高脂血症大鼠血脂代谢和氧化应激状态的影响及其作用机理。【方法】以成年雄性SD大鼠（60只）为研究对象，按血脂水平随机分成对照组、模型组、和5%，10%，20%黑米皮提取物组（5%，10%，20%黑米皮提取物1ml/100g bw）。饲养8周后，测定不同剂量的黑米提取物对高脂饲料诱导的大鼠血脂水平、血清和肝脏中总抗氧化能力、抗氧化酶活性及脂质过氧化产物丙二醛含量的影响。同时还分析了提取物中花色苷和脂肪酸的组成与含量。【结果】摄入黑米皮提取物后高脂血症大鼠血脂水平和动脉粥样硬化指数均较高脂模型组显著降低（P＜0.05），血清氧化低密度脂蛋白抗体滴度显著下降（P＜0.05），脂质过氧化产物丙二醛的生成量也相应地减少（P＜0.05）；而血清和肝脏中抗氧化酶活性显著性增强（P＜0.05）。对黑米皮提取物的组成成分进行分析发现：花色苷类化合物占43.43％，15.7％为不饱和脂肪酸，其中主要是油酸和亚油酸。【结论】黑米皮提取物具有抗氧化、降血脂等生物活性，所含的花色苷类化合物和不饱和脂肪酸可能是其发挥作用的主要物质基础。

Hypolipidemic and Antioxidative Effects of Black Rice Pericarp Extract Accompanied by Its Components Analysis

To investigate the effect of black rice pericarp extracts on oxidative stress and the serum lipid profile and the effective components for this effect. 【METHOD】Male adult SD rats (60) were used in the present study. They were divided into five groups, which were normal control group, hyperlipidemia model group and 3 experimental groups which were given different doses of black rice pericarp extracts (5％、10%、20% in water,w/v, 1mL/100 body weight). After 8 weeks, the serum lipid profile, the total the activity of antioxidative enzyme and the content of malondialdehyde in serum and liver were determined in different groups of rats. 【RESULTS】Feeding black rice pericarp extracts to rats significantly reduced the levels of serum lipids and the titer of the antibody to oxidized low density lipoprotein (P<0.05). Serum and liver malondialdehyde content decreased in rats delivered black rice pericarp extracts, however, total antioxidation capacity and the activity of antioxidative enzyme increased. Analyzing the components revealed that there were 43.43% of anthocyanin and 15.7% of nonsaturated fatty acids, most of which were oleic acid and linoleic acid. 【CONCLUSION】Black rice pericarp extracts showed antioxidative and hypolipidemic effects, which might resulted from the anthocyanins and unsaturated fatty acid containing in extracts.