与机具设计相关的作物茎秆生物力学性质试验

在机具设计及作业工艺实施中,研究作物的生物力学性质,可为相关作物机械化生产作业装备提供设计参数。选取玉米、高粱等茎秆作物作为研究对象,分别在不同的生长期对其进行剪切、破碎等力学试验,研究不同生长期、不同节间位置作物茎秆的生物力学性质的差异。结果表明,作物的剪切强度随含水率的减小而增大;茎秆不同部位的剪切强度自上而下依次增大;玉米、高粱等作物,其茎秆径向破碎强度均明显大于轴向破碎强度。因此,在设计收获机具时,应以茎秆下部的测试数据作为主要设计参数,而植株含水率、茎秆部位、横截面积等与其力学性能也有一定的关系,设计机具时应予以综合考虑。

Test of Biomechanics Properties on Stalk Crops for Designing Agricultural Machineries

Biomechanics properties should be studied,and comprehensive theoretical references are offered for designing agricultural machineries.In this paper,two kinds of fine variety stalk crops were chosen to take the experiments.Biomechanics properties during different growth periods and different internodes were studied.The results showed that the shear strength of stalks increased with decreace of moisture.The shear strength of stalks increased from the top down,and radial broken strength of all stalks was greater than axial broken strength obviously.Therefore all these we must take fully into account in designing agricultural machineries.