试论生态农业的边界与科学技术原理

由于生态农业概念模糊，加之边界不清，生态学界对生态农业科学原理与技术总结不够，公众对生态农业理解有误，阻碍了生态农业产业发展。本研究通过总结、归纳和分析1982—2022年发表的相关文献，回顾了国内外生态农业提出的背景及其含义，分析了现代农业的9种主要形态及其特征，重新定义了生态农业的概念，厘清了生态农业的边界，提出了指导生态农业发展的理论体系与科学技术原理。并以山东省平邑县弘毅生态农场18年实践为例，实证了本研究提出的生态农业概念、理论与技术体系具有重要的应用与推广价值。

Discussion on the boundary of eco-agriculture and its scientific technology principles

Due to the unclear concept of eco-agriculture and the vague boundary， the scientific principles and technologies of eco-agriculture have not been well summarized， resulting in a serious misunderstanding of eco-agriculture in the society， which hindered the development of eco-agriculture industry. On the basis of summarizing the relevant literatures published from 1982 to 2022， this study briefly reviewed the background and significance of eco-agriculture concept at home and abroad， and analyzed the 9 main forms and characteristics of modern agriculture， the concept and the boundaries of eco-agriculture have been refined and clarified. Then we have proposed a theoretical system of science and technology to guide the health development of eco-agriculture. Finally， taking the 18 years practice of Hongyi Ecological Farm in Pingyi County，Shandong Province as an example， this study proves that the concept， theory， and technology system of eco-agriculture proposed here have important application and promotion values.