深圳红火蚁蚁巢密度、社会型研究及防治效果评价

本文报道了深圳红火蚁生境类型与蚁巢密度的关系，社会型的鉴别以及应用茚虫威对多后型和单后型、多后型共存地区的防治效果。红火蚁的蚁巢密度（巢/100 m2）与生境类型密切相关，在所调查的5类生境中，待建地的蚁巢密度最高，为3.81巢/100 m2，公路边的次之,为2.95巢/100 m2，城市绿地的最低,为0.63巢/100 m2。应用多元PCR技术对6个行政区社会型进行鉴别的结果表明，福田、龙岗、南山区为多后型与单后型共存，单后型与多后型的比仅为1∶(3~4)。罗湖、宝安、盐田3区全部为多后型；多后型地区的蚁巢密度（2.2巢/100 m2）比单后型地区（1.9巢/100 m2）的为高，但没有显著差异；应用茚虫威进行防治60 d后的调查结果表明，多后型地区的防治效果（97.8%）比单后型地区（96.7%）的要好，但没有显著差异。最后，本文对这些结果产生的原因及应用价值进行了讨论。

Determination of mound density,social form,and control efficiency of red imported fire ant,Solenopsis invicta,in Shenzhen City

The relationships between mound density and habitat type,social forms and control efficiency of indoxacarb on the red imported fire ant,Solenopsis invicta Buren(Hymenoptera:Formicidae),in Shenzhen City of Mainland China were investigated and reported in this paper.The mound density(number of mound per 100 m~2)was highly related to the habitat type and the highest mound density was found in areas waiting for building,and followed bv the road side,field side,reservoir side,parks,in a decreasing order.In this study,fire ant workers collected in 6 districts of Shenzhen City were tested by discriminating Gp-9 alleles with multiplex PCR technique.The results showed that both monogyne and polygyne were present in Futian,Longgang,and Nanshan Districts.And the ratio of polygynous to monogynous colonies was 1:(3-4).But the polygyne was the only social form present in Luohu,Bao'an,and Yantian Districts.And the mound density in polygynous areas was higher than that in monogynous area,but no significant difference was identified.After treatment by indoxacarb for 60 d,it was shown that the control efficiency in polygynous area was higher than that in monogynous area,but without significant difference.Finally,the significances and causes of these results were discussed.